Relación entre hipertensión arterial sistémica e hipertrofia ventricular izquierda correlacionada mediante ecografía en pacientes mayores de 45 años
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La hipertensión arterial sistémica represento 4.189 casos de defunciones en el año 2013 en nuestro país, según la información del Anuario de Nacimientos y Defunciones publicado por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INEC). Lo cual la convierte en una de las principales patologías que aquejan a la población nacional.
La hipertrofia ventricular izquierda es un marcador de mayor morbi-mortalidad en pacientes hipertensos, principalmente cuando a esta se asocia una disminución de fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda. Por lo cual se recomienda realizarse un estudio ecocardiográficos en todo paciente con hipertensión arterial sistémica en el que se sospecha de disfunción ventricular.
El presente estudio consistió en determinar el número de pacientes con hipertensión arterial sistémica que desarrollaron hipertrofia ventricular izquierda demostrado mediante estudios ecocardiográficos en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo de enero 2012 a enero 2014, mediante un estudio observacional indirecto, retrospectivo y descriptivo, en la que se revisaron 2016 historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial sistémica y cardiomegalia.
Se incluyeron a pacientes de ambos sexos, con edad mayor de 45 años, con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial sistémica, se excluyeron a pacientes menores de 45 años y pacientes con diagnóstico de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda de causa no hipertensiva. La muestra quedó constituida por 1167 pacientes, de los cuales 969 (83%) pertenecían al sexo masculino y 198 (17%) corresponden al sexo femenino. De los 1167 pacientes se encontró que 187 (16%) presentaban una fracción de eyección sistólica menor al 50 % en relación a los 980 pacientes (84%) que tenían una fracción de eyección sistólica adecuada
Systemic hypertension represent 4,189 cases of deaths in 2013 in our country, according to information from Births and Deaths Yearbook published by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC). Making it one of the major diseases that affect the population. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy is a marker of increased morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients, especially when this decreased left ventricular ejection fraction is associated. Therefore it recommends an echocardiographic study performed in all patients with hypertension in which it is suspected ventricular dysfunction. The present study was to determine the number of patients with hypertension who developed left ventricular hypertrophy shown by echocardiographic studies in the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital of Guayaquil in the period from January 2012 to January 2014, through an indirect observational study, Retrospective and descriptive, in which 2016 medical records of patients diagnosed with hypertension and cardiomegaly were reviewed. We included patients of both sexes, older than 45 years, diagnosed with hypertension, patients younger than 45 years were excluded patients diagnosed with non-hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy causes. The sample was composed of 1167 patients, of which 969 (83%) were male and 198 (17%) were females. Of 1167 it was found that 187 patients (16%) had a systolic ejection fraction less than 50% relative to the 980 patients (84%) who had a systolic ejection fraction suitable.
Systemic hypertension represent 4,189 cases of deaths in 2013 in our country, according to information from Births and Deaths Yearbook published by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC). Making it one of the major diseases that affect the population. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy is a marker of increased morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients, especially when this decreased left ventricular ejection fraction is associated. Therefore it recommends an echocardiographic study performed in all patients with hypertension in which it is suspected ventricular dysfunction. The present study was to determine the number of patients with hypertension who developed left ventricular hypertrophy shown by echocardiographic studies in the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital of Guayaquil in the period from January 2012 to January 2014, through an indirect observational study, Retrospective and descriptive, in which 2016 medical records of patients diagnosed with hypertension and cardiomegaly were reviewed. We included patients of both sexes, older than 45 years, diagnosed with hypertension, patients younger than 45 years were excluded patients diagnosed with non-hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy causes. The sample was composed of 1167 patients, of which 969 (83%) were male and 198 (17%) were females. Of 1167 it was found that 187 patients (16%) had a systolic ejection fraction less than 50% relative to the 980 patients (84%) who had a systolic ejection fraction suitable.
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Hipertensión, Ecocardiografía, Hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador