Factores de riesgo y perfil microbiológico en pacientes con diagnóstico de bronquiectasia en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el período 2013-2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La bronquiectasia es una entidad progresiva e irreversible de los bronquios mayores y bronquíolos que lleva finalmente en el tiempo a la dilatación y destrucción de áreas de la vía aérea.
Los bronquios se observan dilatados y obstruidos por gran cantidad de secreciones que se infectan por diversos microorganismos. Si bien la bronquiectasia es una enfermedad rara, es una de las complicaciones más serias de una enfermedad bastante común como es la neumonía, o de enfermedades producidas por adenovirus, virus de la gripe 2 y de la tuberculosis tan vista en nuestro medio
Se desconocen los datos acerca de la prevalencia de esta enfermedad en EE.UU. y en el resto del mundo. En los países desarrollados gracias a las terapias antituberculosas, o contra el coqueluche o el sarampión la aparición de la enfermedad ha disminuido. Debido a la falta de datos en nuestro medio, no es posible saber que sucede en nuestro país con esta enfermedad, es decir si ha disminuido o no su aparición.
Pero si hemos de destacar una causa que de forma clara ha intervenido en el incremento del número de diagnósticos de bronquiectasias en la actualidad, ésta es sin duda la utilización, ya de rutina, de la tomografía computarizada de tórax, en especial de las formas de alta resolución (TACAR)
El determinar el perfil microbiológico de los pacientes con bronquiectasias, permitirá establecer un esquema de tratamiento antibiótico más específico en las reagudizaciones de la patología
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En esta investigación se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, epidemiológico y bibliográfico de casos de pacientes con diagnósticos de bronquiectasias que reciben tratamiento y control de esta patología en el hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo 2013-2014 de las cuales se realizó una revisión de su historia clínica.
El estudio está basado en un universo de 209 pacientes que reciben atención medica por presentar antecedentes de bronquiectasia en el hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo comprendido del 2013-2014 de los cuales se tomó una muestra intencional de pacientes que tienen diagnóstico de bronquiectasias y que recibieron atención en el hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el área de emergencia y de hospitalización en el periodo 2013-2104 en total sumaron 153 casos.
La investigación se realiza a través de las Historias clínicas de pacientes, previo a encuesta elaborada en fichas en las cuales se recogieron los datos de interés para esta investigación.
Bronchiectasis is a progressive and irreversible of the major bronchi and bronchioles entity over time eventually leads to swelling and destruction of areas of the airway. The bronchi are seen dilated and obstructed by lots of secretions that are infected by various microorganisms. Although bronchiectasis is a rare disease is one of the most serious complications of a fairly common disease such as the pneumonia, or diseases caused by adenovirus, influenza virus 2 and tuberculosis as seen in our midst. Data is not known about the prevalence of this disease in the US and the rest of the world. In developed countries due to TB therapy, or against whooping cough or measles onset of the disease decreased. Due to the lack of data in our midst, it is not possible to know what happens in our country with this disease, that is, if not their appearance or decreased. But if we note a cause that clearly has intervened in the increased number of diagnoses of bronchiectasis today, it is undoubtedly use as routine computed tomography of the chest, especially forms High resolution (HRCT) To determine the microbiological profile of patients with bronchiectasis, it will establish a system of more specific antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of the disease 10 In this research, a retrospective, descriptive, epidemiological and literature review of cases diagnosed with bronchiectasis patients receiving treatment and control of this disease in the hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2013-2014 for which a review was made as your medical history. The study is based on a universe of 209 patients receiving medical care have a history of bronchiectasis in the hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2013-2014 of which a purposive sample of patients with diagnosis of bronchiectasis was taken and that They received care at the hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the area of emergency and hospitalization in the period 2013-2104 totaled 153 total cases Research is conducted through prior to survey conducted in chips where data of interest for this research were collected patient records.
Bronchiectasis is a progressive and irreversible of the major bronchi and bronchioles entity over time eventually leads to swelling and destruction of areas of the airway. The bronchi are seen dilated and obstructed by lots of secretions that are infected by various microorganisms. Although bronchiectasis is a rare disease is one of the most serious complications of a fairly common disease such as the pneumonia, or diseases caused by adenovirus, influenza virus 2 and tuberculosis as seen in our midst. Data is not known about the prevalence of this disease in the US and the rest of the world. In developed countries due to TB therapy, or against whooping cough or measles onset of the disease decreased. Due to the lack of data in our midst, it is not possible to know what happens in our country with this disease, that is, if not their appearance or decreased. But if we note a cause that clearly has intervened in the increased number of diagnoses of bronchiectasis today, it is undoubtedly use as routine computed tomography of the chest, especially forms High resolution (HRCT) To determine the microbiological profile of patients with bronchiectasis, it will establish a system of more specific antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of the disease 10 In this research, a retrospective, descriptive, epidemiological and literature review of cases diagnosed with bronchiectasis patients receiving treatment and control of this disease in the hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2013-2014 for which a review was made as your medical history. The study is based on a universe of 209 patients receiving medical care have a history of bronchiectasis in the hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2013-2014 of which a purposive sample of patients with diagnosis of bronchiectasis was taken and that They received care at the hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the area of emergency and hospitalization in the period 2013-2104 totaled 153 total cases Research is conducted through prior to survey conducted in chips where data of interest for this research were collected patient records.
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BRONQUIECTASIA, MICROBIOLOGIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR