Causas de hemorragias del segundo trimestre del embarazo en gestante del Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil desde enero 2013 a enero del 2015
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La hemorragia del segundo trimestre del embarazo tiene lugar después de las 22 semanas de gestación con sangrado vaginal de inicio súbito, indoloro e inmotivado; La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) reporta 536.000 muertes maternas al año de las cuales 140.000 son originadas por hemorragias obstétricas representando así el 25% del total de muertes maternas, en Ecuador cifras según el INEC en el 2011 había más de 7 millones 698 mil mujeres en el país, de las que fallecieron 27.036 por complicaciones originadas en el período prenatal y el embarazo, parto y puerperio, son la décima segunda (con el 2,72%) y vigésima quinta causa de muerte (con el 0,89%), respectivamente.
Se Realizó un estudio longitudinal a través de la utilización de una ficha recolectora de datos con la cual recabe información de los expedientes obstétricos de las pacientes con hemorragias de la segunda mitad del embarazo en gestante en el hospital universitario desde enero del 2013 a enero 2015 con los siguientes resultados: El Periodo de Tiempo más transitado por estas pacientes fue de Enero 2013 a Enero del 2015 con el 59%; El grupo etario más afectado fue el comprendido de > 30 años con un 45% seguido por el grupo etario de 19 a 25 años con un 21%; La Raza más presente fue la Mestiza con un 90% del total de pacientes y el 10% restante fue la Afro ecuatoriana; La Procedencia de estas pacientes tuvo predominio del área Rural con 64% y apenas un 36% para el área Urbana; Las Multíparas con un 57% y las Secundigesta con un 26% fueron las más afectada en este estudio; 52% de estas pacientes No presentaron antecedentes hemorrágicos previos pero un 48% Si lo presentaron; El Factor de Riesgo más significativo fue la Multiparidad con 45 de estas 100 pacientes dando un 36% seguido por la edad > 35 años con 36 pacientes dando un 29%; Las Causas de origen Ginecológico fue la más presentada con un 52% y con un 48% las Causas de origen Obstétrico; El Sangrado Vaginal y el Dolor Pélvico o de Espalda con un 40% fueron los Síntomas más presentados en este estudio y La Cesárea con 73 de estas 100 pacientes dando un 34% al igual que la maduración pulmonar fueron el Tratamiento Recibido con estas pacientes.
Bleeding from the second trimester of pregnancy occurs after 22 weeks of gestation with vaginal bleeding sudden , painless and unmotivated start ; The World Health Organization (OMS) reports 536,000 maternal year of which kills 140,000 are caused by obstetric haemorrhage and representing 25% of all maternal deaths in Ecuador figures according to the INEC in 2011 there were more than 7 million 698 thousand women in the country , of which 27 036 died from complications arising from the prenatal period and pregnancy , childbirth and postpartum , are the twelfth (with 2.72 %) and twenty-fifth cause of death (with 0.89 %) , respectively. A longitudinal study was conducted through the use of a collector data sheet with which gather information from obstetric records of patients with bleeding in the second half of pregnancy in pregnant women at the university hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 the following results: The busiest time period for these patients was from January 2013 to January 2015 with 59%; The most affected age group was comprised of> 30 years with 45% followed by the age group 19-25 years 21%; The present Race was the Mixed with 90% of patients and the remaining 10% was the Afro-Ecuadorian; The origin of these patients had predominance of rural area just 64% and 36% for urban areas; Multiparas 57% and 26% Secundigesta were the most affected in this study; 52% of these patients had no previous bleeding history but 48% if it had; The most significant risk factor was the Multiparity with 45 of these 100 patients taking a 36% followed by age> 35 years with 36 patients taking a 29%; Causes of gynecological origin was presented with the 52% and 48% Obstetrico root causes; Vaginal bleeding and pelvic or back pain with 40% were the VIII symptoms most presented in this study and cesarean section 73 of these 100 patients taking 34% as lung maturation were the treatment received by these patients.
Bleeding from the second trimester of pregnancy occurs after 22 weeks of gestation with vaginal bleeding sudden , painless and unmotivated start ; The World Health Organization (OMS) reports 536,000 maternal year of which kills 140,000 are caused by obstetric haemorrhage and representing 25% of all maternal deaths in Ecuador figures according to the INEC in 2011 there were more than 7 million 698 thousand women in the country , of which 27 036 died from complications arising from the prenatal period and pregnancy , childbirth and postpartum , are the twelfth (with 2.72 %) and twenty-fifth cause of death (with 0.89 %) , respectively. A longitudinal study was conducted through the use of a collector data sheet with which gather information from obstetric records of patients with bleeding in the second half of pregnancy in pregnant women at the university hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 the following results: The busiest time period for these patients was from January 2013 to January 2015 with 59%; The most affected age group was comprised of> 30 years with 45% followed by the age group 19-25 years 21%; The present Race was the Mixed with 90% of patients and the remaining 10% was the Afro-Ecuadorian; The origin of these patients had predominance of rural area just 64% and 36% for urban areas; Multiparas 57% and 26% Secundigesta were the most affected in this study; 52% of these patients had no previous bleeding history but 48% if it had; The most significant risk factor was the Multiparity with 45 of these 100 patients taking a 36% followed by age> 35 years with 36 patients taking a 29%; Causes of gynecological origin was presented with the 52% and 48% Obstetrico root causes; Vaginal bleeding and pelvic or back pain with 40% were the VIII symptoms most presented in this study and cesarean section 73 of these 100 patients taking 34% as lung maturation were the treatment received by these patients.
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Segundo trimestre del embarazo, Hemorragia uterina, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos