Factores maternos que inciden en la sifilis congénita y sus manisfestaciones clínicas, estudio realizado en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor en el año 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La sífilis congénita es la complicación más devastadora de la sífilis en el embarazo, existen muchas complicaciones relacionadas. Las manifestaciones dependen de muchos factores; edad gestacional, estadío de sífilis materna, tratamiento materno y respuesta inmunológica del feto. Existe el tamizaje antenatal para sífilis el cual provee una buena oportunidad para detectar la enfermedad de forma temprana y realizar un tratamiento oportuno. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia de la sífilis congénita, los factores maternos que inciden en esta enfermedad y la frecuencia de sus manifestaciones clínicas en el recién nacido. Este es un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo que se realizó con las pacientes atendidas en servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor durante el año 2014. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el software SPSS 18. Se realizó un análisis univariado de las variables. La frecuencia de sífilis congénita en el Hospital Enrique Sotomayor es ligeramente baja de 0.27, no se reportaron manifestaciones clínicas en casi la totalidad de los neonatos, solo 1 de ellos reportó lesiones palmoplantares, el control prenatal fue poco satisfactorio. Podemos concluir que el control prenatal y tratamiento precoz permitió a estos recién nacidos nacer en condiciones adecuadas. Los factores maternos presentados con mayor frecuencia fueron estado civil unión libre o soltera, bajo nivel educativo, ocupación ama de casa o estudiante, procedencia urbana de sectores marginales, y en su mayor parte una pareja sexual.
Congenital syphilis is the most devastating complication of syphilis in pregnancy, there are many related complications. The manifestations depend on many factors; gestational age, maternal stage of syphilis, treatment and maternal fetal immune response. There antenatal syphilis screening which provides a good opportunity to detect the disease early and prompt treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of congenital syphilis, maternal factors that influence the disease and the frequency of clinical manifestations in the newborn. This is a retrospective, observational and descriptive study was conducted with patients treated at Emergency Service Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor on 2014. For statistical analysis SPSS 18 software, was used univariate analysis was performed. The frequency of congenital syphilis in the Enrique Sotomayor Hospital is 0.27, no clinical manifestations were reported in almost all infants, only 1 of them reported palmoplantar lesions, prenatal care was unsatisfactory. We can conclude that prenatal and early treatment allowed these infants born in appropriate conditions. Maternal factors most frequently presented were: free marital status or single union, low educational level, occupation as housewife or student, urban origin of marginal sectors, and for the most part only one sexual partner.
Congenital syphilis is the most devastating complication of syphilis in pregnancy, there are many related complications. The manifestations depend on many factors; gestational age, maternal stage of syphilis, treatment and maternal fetal immune response. There antenatal syphilis screening which provides a good opportunity to detect the disease early and prompt treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of congenital syphilis, maternal factors that influence the disease and the frequency of clinical manifestations in the newborn. This is a retrospective, observational and descriptive study was conducted with patients treated at Emergency Service Obstetric-Gynecologic Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor on 2014. For statistical analysis SPSS 18 software, was used univariate analysis was performed. The frequency of congenital syphilis in the Enrique Sotomayor Hospital is 0.27, no clinical manifestations were reported in almost all infants, only 1 of them reported palmoplantar lesions, prenatal care was unsatisfactory. We can conclude that prenatal and early treatment allowed these infants born in appropriate conditions. Maternal factors most frequently presented were: free marital status or single union, low educational level, occupation as housewife or student, urban origin of marginal sectors, and for the most part only one sexual partner.
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Sífilis congénita, Recién nacido, Signos y síntomas, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Pediatría, Epidemiología descrptiva