Hallazgos colonoscópicos en pacientes mayores de 30 años del servicio de gastroenterología en el Hospital Alcívar de enero - diciembre del 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Antecedentes.- La Colonoscopia durante las dos últimas décadas ha sido un avance extraordinario en la investigación sobre carácter colorectal, sea para aclarar su etiología, como para encontrar los mejores métodos de diagnóstico temprano, así como para escoger la terapia más adecuada, y para diseñar esquemas de seguimiento y de vigilancia para los grupos de riesgo; todo orientado a mejor el pronóstico y disminuir la morbimortalidad debida a este tumor maligno.
Objetivos.- El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal, conocer los hallazgos colonoscópicos en pacientes mayores de 30 años del servicio de gastroenterología en el Hospital Alcivar de enero a diciembre del 2014.
Metodología.-. Se trata de un estudio Observacional, Descriptivo, Retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital Alcívar en el periodo comprendido entre Enero hasta Diciembre del 2014.
Resultados.- Reportamos un estudio clínico-endoscópico sobre patologías colónicas en 161 pacientes de ambos sexos, donde los pacientes de sexo femenino predominanaron a las de sexo masculino con un 65% sobre 35% respectivamente, se distribuyeron en grupos etarios entre 30 y 90 años, hallándose en la quinta y sexta década la mayor presentación, siendo la hematoquecia el síntoma más frecuente.
Aunque el Cancer colorectal se encontró en un 12%, el estudio patológico demostró que 79% fueron adenocarcinomas, 11% fueron linfomas y que el 5% fueron carcinoma mucoide y carcinoma epidermoide respectivamente.
Conclusión.- El hallazgo con mayor incidencia fueron los pólipos, que se encontraron en un 35%, de los cuales 44% fueron pólipos hiperplásicos, 30% adenomas, 16% pólipos hamartomatosos y 10% adenomas con adenocarcinoma no invasivo o invasivo. Como resultado de este estudio, enfatizamos el valor de la detección y del diagnóstico temprano, para disminuir la mortalidad por cáncer colorectal pues es la contribución más importante y definitoria en las opciones terapéuticas ofrecidas al paciente
Background.- Over the past two decades has been extraordinary progress in research on colorectal character is to clarify their causes, and to find the best methods for early diagnosis and to choose the most appropriate therapy and to design schemes monitoring and surveillance for risk groups; all aimed at better prognosis and reduce morbidity and mortality due to this malignancy. Objectives.- The present study has as main objective, to know the colonoscopy findings in patients older than 30 years of service of gastroenterology at Alcivar Hospital from January to December 2014. Methodology.-. This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective study in Alcivar Hospital in the period from January to December 2014. Results.- Report a clinical and endoscopic study of colonic pathology in 161 patients of both sexes, where female patients predominate male to 65% on 35%, respectively, they were distributed in age groups between 30 and 90 years old, being in the fifth and sixth decade as presentation hematoquecia being the most common symptom. Although colorectal cancer was found in 12% , pathological study showed that 79 % were adenocarcinomas , lymphomas were 11% and 5% were mucoid carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma respectively . Conclusion.- The highest incidence were finding polyps were found in 35% , of which 44 % were hyperplastic polyps , adenomas 30 % , 16 % and 10 % hamartomatous polyps adenomas with noninvasive or invasive adenocarcinoma . As a result of this study , we emphasize the value of early detection and diagnosis, to reduce mortality from colorectal cancer because it is the most important and defining in the treatment options offered to the patient contribution.
Background.- Over the past two decades has been extraordinary progress in research on colorectal character is to clarify their causes, and to find the best methods for early diagnosis and to choose the most appropriate therapy and to design schemes monitoring and surveillance for risk groups; all aimed at better prognosis and reduce morbidity and mortality due to this malignancy. Objectives.- The present study has as main objective, to know the colonoscopy findings in patients older than 30 years of service of gastroenterology at Alcivar Hospital from January to December 2014. Methodology.-. This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective study in Alcivar Hospital in the period from January to December 2014. Results.- Report a clinical and endoscopic study of colonic pathology in 161 patients of both sexes, where female patients predominate male to 65% on 35%, respectively, they were distributed in age groups between 30 and 90 years old, being in the fifth and sixth decade as presentation hematoquecia being the most common symptom. Although colorectal cancer was found in 12% , pathological study showed that 79 % were adenocarcinomas , lymphomas were 11% and 5% were mucoid carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma respectively . Conclusion.- The highest incidence were finding polyps were found in 35% , of which 44 % were hyperplastic polyps , adenomas 30 % , 16 % and 10 % hamartomatous polyps adenomas with noninvasive or invasive adenocarcinoma . As a result of this study , we emphasize the value of early detection and diagnosis, to reduce mortality from colorectal cancer because it is the most important and defining in the treatment options offered to the patient contribution.
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Colonoscopia, Enfermedades gastrointestinales, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Alcivar, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador