Incidencia de cesárea en primigesta juveniles de 11 a 19 años de edad en la Maternidad Enrique Sotomayor del año 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
El presente trabajo es un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo retrospectivo, basado en un número real de casos de pacientes que fueron atendidos en la “MATERNIDAD CARLOS ENRIQUE SOTOMAYOR” en la ciudad de Guayaquil durante el año 2014, con la finalidad de determinar cuál es la principal causa en una Primigestas juvenil que conlleva a culminar el embarazo de manera quirúrgica y no vaginal.
Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la adolescencia es el período en la vida de una persona que comprende entre los 10 y los 19 años. En algunos casos la adolescencia se ve interrumpida cuando la joven se queda un embarazo. Y es que, una de cada cinco mujeres en el mundo ya tiene un hijo antes de los 18 años y cada año se producen 16 millones de nacimientos de mamás adolescentes. En las regiones más pobres del planeta a una de cada tres mujeres son madres en la adolescencia.
La OMS defiende el uso de cesáreas cuando se justifican médicamente debido a que esta intervención quirúrgica puede salvar vidas razón por lo cual se logra determinar entre las causas para que una primigesta juvenil sea sometida a cesárea se encuentran La incompatibilidad céfalo-pélvica, preclampsia, eclampsia, VIH; ruptura prematura membrana, sufrimiento fetal agudo entre otras.
Las Indicaciones para ordenar la realización de una cesárea, se categorizan atendiendo si su causa primaria es de origen materno, fetal u ovular, las cuales a su vez, pueden se consideran con criterio de absolutas o relativas.
No existen contraindicaciones absolutas, pero puesto que no es una técnica exenta de riesgos, la decisión debe estar fundamentada en la obtención de beneficios sustanciales para la madre y/o el feto. Si no existe una contraindicación para el parto vaginal, no está indicada la cesárea.
The present work is an epidemiological, descriptive retrospective study, based on a real number of cases of patients who were treated at the "MATERNITY Carlos Enrique Sotomayor" in the city of Guayaquil during 2014, in order to determine the main cause in juvenile primigravid leading to ending pregnancy surgically and no vaginal. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescence is the period in the life of a person comprising between 10 and 19 years. In some cases adolescence is interrupted when the girl gets pregnant. And, one in five women in the world and has a child before 18 years and each year 16 million births to teenage mothers are produced. In the poorest regions of the world to one in three women are mothers in adolescence. WHO advocates the use of cesarean sections when medically justified because this surgery can save lives reason which is able to determine that the causes for a youth Primiparity is undergoing cesarean section are The cephalopelvic incompatibility, preeclampsia, eclampsia, HIV; premature membrane rupture, fetal distress among others. Indications to order the performance of a cesarean section are categorized taking if their primary cause is maternal, fetal or ovulate origin, which in turn can be considered with criteria of absolute or relative. There are no absolute contraindications, but since it is not a risk-free technique, the decision must be based on substantial benefits for the mother and / or fetus. If there is no contraindication for vaginal delivery, cesarean section is not indicated.
The present work is an epidemiological, descriptive retrospective study, based on a real number of cases of patients who were treated at the "MATERNITY Carlos Enrique Sotomayor" in the city of Guayaquil during 2014, in order to determine the main cause in juvenile primigravid leading to ending pregnancy surgically and no vaginal. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescence is the period in the life of a person comprising between 10 and 19 years. In some cases adolescence is interrupted when the girl gets pregnant. And, one in five women in the world and has a child before 18 years and each year 16 million births to teenage mothers are produced. In the poorest regions of the world to one in three women are mothers in adolescence. WHO advocates the use of cesarean sections when medically justified because this surgery can save lives reason which is able to determine that the causes for a youth Primiparity is undergoing cesarean section are The cephalopelvic incompatibility, preeclampsia, eclampsia, HIV; premature membrane rupture, fetal distress among others. Indications to order the performance of a cesarean section are categorized taking if their primary cause is maternal, fetal or ovulate origin, which in turn can be considered with criteria of absolute or relative. There are no absolute contraindications, but since it is not a risk-free technique, the decision must be based on substantial benefits for the mother and / or fetus. If there is no contraindication for vaginal delivery, cesarean section is not indicated.
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Cesárea, Primigesta, Epidemiología descriptiva, Adolescente, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Embarazo en adolescencia