Determinación del nivel de ruido ambiental en la avenida Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur, entre las etapas III, IV, V, VII, VIII, IX de la ciudadela Alborada, de la ciudad de Guayaquil
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2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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El presente trabajo tiene por objeto diagnosticar el nivel de ruido ambiental en la avenida Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur, entre las etapas III, IV, V, VII, VIII, y IX de la ciudadela La Alborada; ya que es una de las calles principales con más tráfico en el sector, debido al incremento comercial existente en el lugar. Para el estudio de ruido se realizaron dos muestreos, cada uno constituido por siete sitios de evaluación que corten transversalmente la avenida, los cuales en el presente estudio se denominarán puntos. Se tomó un punto en la arteria principal como centro del perfil, tres puntos hacia las etapas III y VIII, y tres puntos hacia las etapas IV y IX. Cada muestreo se realizó en tres horarios diferentes, durante tres días consecutivos. Los equipos utilizados y los métodos empleados cumplen con los requerimientos establecidos en la Legislación Ambiental vigente. Con todas las mediciones de cada punto se realizó un promedio logarítmico para conocer los resultados de ambos perfiles. El resultado de los monitoreos refleja que el punto cuatro con 76,6 decibeles y el punto once con 75,9 decibeles, realizados en la avenida Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur, sobrepasan el límite máximo permisible debido al continuo paso de vehículos livianos, taxis, motos, camiones y buses de transporte público. El punto siete con 67,0 decibeles, ubicado en la etapa III de la ciudadela La Alborada, también excede el límite máximo permisible debido a situaciones presentadas durante las ediciones como el uso del pito de un vehículo, el paso de un camión y el ladrido de los perros dentro de las casas. Los demás puntos ubicados dentro de las etapas monitoreadas no afectan al medio ambiente y a las personas que viven en el sector, ya que los resultados obtenidos se encuentran por debajo del límite máximo permisible de 60 decibeles, establecido para un uso de suelo de tipo comercial.
The objective of this thesis is to diagnose the level of noise pollution in the Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur avenue, between the III, IV, V, VII, VIII, and IX zones of La Alborada; because it is one of the main streets with the highest traffic in the sector, due to its increase of the commercial activity. For the noise study, two samplings were done. Each sampling consists of seven different evaluation sites (cutting the avenue transversely), in three different schedules, during three consecutive days. For this study, the evaluation sites were called points. The locations consist on one point taken in the main street (as the center of the profile), three points taken towards III and VIII zones, and three points taken toward IV and IX zones. The equipment and methods used for the study, meet the requirements of the current Environmental Legislation. With all the measurements of each point, a logarithmic average was made to reach the results of both profiles. The results of the sampling reflect that point 4 with 76.6 dB and point 11 with 75.9 dB, taken in the Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur avenue, surpass the maximum allowable limit by cause of the permanent cars traffic, taxis, motorcycles, trucks, and buses of public transport. Point 7 with 67.0 dB, located at the zone III of La Alborada, also exceeds the maximum allowable limit because of situational occurrences; for example the horn of a car, a truck going by, and the bark of dogs inside the houses. The rest of the points located in the studied zone, does not affect the environment and the people living there, as the results showed that the noise is under the maximum allowable limit of 60 dB, authorized for a commercial zone.
The objective of this thesis is to diagnose the level of noise pollution in the Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur avenue, between the III, IV, V, VII, VIII, and IX zones of La Alborada; because it is one of the main streets with the highest traffic in the sector, due to its increase of the commercial activity. For the noise study, two samplings were done. Each sampling consists of seven different evaluation sites (cutting the avenue transversely), in three different schedules, during three consecutive days. For this study, the evaluation sites were called points. The locations consist on one point taken in the main street (as the center of the profile), three points taken towards III and VIII zones, and three points taken toward IV and IX zones. The equipment and methods used for the study, meet the requirements of the current Environmental Legislation. With all the measurements of each point, a logarithmic average was made to reach the results of both profiles. The results of the sampling reflect that point 4 with 76.6 dB and point 11 with 75.9 dB, taken in the Rodolfo Baquerizo Nazur avenue, surpass the maximum allowable limit by cause of the permanent cars traffic, taxis, motorcycles, trucks, and buses of public transport. Point 7 with 67.0 dB, located at the zone III of La Alborada, also exceeds the maximum allowable limit because of situational occurrences; for example the horn of a car, a truck going by, and the bark of dogs inside the houses. The rest of the points located in the studied zone, does not affect the environment and the people living there, as the results showed that the noise is under the maximum allowable limit of 60 dB, authorized for a commercial zone.
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RUIDO AMBIENTAL, TRAFICO, SITIOS DE EVALUACION, EQUIPOS, METODOS, MONITOREO, DECIBELES, LIMITE MAXIMO PERMISIBLE