Incidencia del florecimiento de la microalga Cyanophyta Chroococcus turgidus sobre los parámetros de crecimiento en juveniles de Litopenaeus vannamei en cultivos acuícolas.
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2015
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Se estudió el efecto que tiene el florecimiento de la microalga Chroococcus turgidus sobre el crecimiento, peso y sobrevivencia de Litopenaeus vannamei en cultivos acuícolas. Se realizaron bioensayos en laboratorio creando proliferaciónes de la microalga Chroococcus turgidus. El diseño experimental consistió en el empleo de 20 acuarios de 8 litros a 60% de capacidad a los cuales se agregaron 3 camarones juveniles con peso promedio de 1 gramo durante 30 días con iluminación tenue y aireación contínua. El tratamiento consistió en mantener densidades de la microalga menores a 500.000 cel/ml. (tratamiento 1), mayores a 500.000 cel/ml (tratamiento 2). y los testigos (tratamiento 3). Los acuarios fueron divididos en tres grupos de edades, el grupo 1 que incluía a los camarones de 1 hasta 13 días, el grupo 2, incluye organismos de 14 hasta 23 días y el grupo 3 que incluye a los camarones de 24 hasta 30 días. El agua fue tratada con 20 ppm de Hipoclorito de Calcio. La salinidad 20 ppm y la temperatura promedio de 28 grados centígrados. El recambio de agua fue de 80% realizado diariamente mediante sifoneo, Se controlaron diariamente los parámetros bióticos y abióticos del cultivo. El alimento de tipo comercial, 3 pellets por acuario, fue proporcionado cada mañana y noche de acuerdo a su consumo. Para determinar si existe efecto de interacción entre los niveles del factor concentraciones de microalgas y los grupos de edades se realizó un ANOVA de 2 vías y la prueba del modelo lineal general univariante, para lo cual se utilizó el modelo factorial completo y se obtuvieron los gráficos de perfil que permitieron interpretar el comportamiento de las variables dependientes evaluadas. Los análisis estadísticos indican que no existen diferencias significativas en la supervivencia entre el tratamiento 1 (< ½ millón de células /ml) y los acuarios testigos (chi cuadrado, p
0,05); mientras que si existen diferencias significativas entre el tratamiento 2 (> ½ millón de células/ml) y los acuarios testigos (chi cuadrado, p< 0,05). . En cuanto al incremento en peso y talla no se evidenciaron diferencias significativas de los camarones tratados con distintas densidades dentro de cada grupo de edad.
The effect of the flowering of microalgae Chroococcus turgidus on growth, weight and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei in fish farming was studied. Were performed in laboratory bioassays creating the microalgae blooms Chroococcus turgidus. The experimental design consisted of the use of 20 aquariums 8 liters at 60% of capacity which 3 juvenile shrimp were added with an average weight of 1 gram for 30 days with dim lighting and continuous aeration. The treatment consisted of holding the lower densities microalga 500,000 cells/ml. (Treatment 1), greater than 500,000 cells/ml (treatment 2) and witnesses (treatment 3). The aquariums were divided into three age groups, group 1 that included shrimp 1-13 days, the group 2 includes agencies 14-23 days and group 3 which includes shrimp 24-30 days. The water was treated with 20 ppm of calcium hypochlorite. Salinity 20 ppm and the average temperature of 28 degrees Celsius. Water exchange was 80% done daily by siphoning, biotic and abiotic cultivation parameters were monitored daily. Commercial food, 3 pellets per aquarium, was provided every morning and night according to consumption. To determine whether there is an interaction effect between the levels of concentration factor of microalgae and age groups ANOVA 2-way was conducted and the test of general linear model univariate, for which the full factorial model was used and obtained the graphics profile that allowed interpret the behavior of the dependent variables evaluated. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences in survival between treatment 1 (<½ million cells / ml) and aquariums controls (chi square, p 0.05); while if there are significant differences between treatment 2 (> ½ million cells / ml) and aquariums controls (chi square, p <0.05). Regarding the increase in weight and height were no significant differences in shrimp treated with different densities within each age group were evidenced
The effect of the flowering of microalgae Chroococcus turgidus on growth, weight and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei in fish farming was studied. Were performed in laboratory bioassays creating the microalgae blooms Chroococcus turgidus. The experimental design consisted of the use of 20 aquariums 8 liters at 60% of capacity which 3 juvenile shrimp were added with an average weight of 1 gram for 30 days with dim lighting and continuous aeration. The treatment consisted of holding the lower densities microalga 500,000 cells/ml. (Treatment 1), greater than 500,000 cells/ml (treatment 2) and witnesses (treatment 3). The aquariums were divided into three age groups, group 1 that included shrimp 1-13 days, the group 2 includes agencies 14-23 days and group 3 which includes shrimp 24-30 days. The water was treated with 20 ppm of calcium hypochlorite. Salinity 20 ppm and the average temperature of 28 degrees Celsius. Water exchange was 80% done daily by siphoning, biotic and abiotic cultivation parameters were monitored daily. Commercial food, 3 pellets per aquarium, was provided every morning and night according to consumption. To determine whether there is an interaction effect between the levels of concentration factor of microalgae and age groups ANOVA 2-way was conducted and the test of general linear model univariate, for which the full factorial model was used and obtained the graphics profile that allowed interpret the behavior of the dependent variables evaluated. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences in survival between treatment 1 (<½ million cells / ml) and aquariums controls (chi square, p 0.05); while if there are significant differences between treatment 2 (> ½ million cells / ml) and aquariums controls (chi square, p <0.05). Regarding the increase in weight and height were no significant differences in shrimp treated with different densities within each age group were evidenced
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BLOOM, MICROALGA, CHROOCOCCUS TURGIDUS, CRECIMIENTO, INCIDENCIA