Las políticas tributarias y su incidencia en la equidad social y la distribución de la riqueza en Ecuador. Período 2007-2014
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2015-12-22
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
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El presente proyecto de tesis se encuentra enfocado en analizar las herramientas y estrategias que el Gobierno ha implementado, durante el período 2007 – 2014, para lograr una correcta distribución de las riquezas, mejorando así el nivel de vida de los habitantes del Ecuador, debido a que se ha invertido más en salud, educación, obras viales y seguridad. Es importante poder evaluar el cumplimiento de objetivos planteados por el Gobierno y compararlos no solo con datos sino con la realidad que vive el pueblo ecuatoriano.
En Ecuador la desigualdad social, la no distribución de la riqueza e inequidad en la repartición de las mismas son un grave problema, es común evidenciar familias que viven en extrema pobreza. No obstante, a partir del inicio del período presidencial del economista Rafael Correa Delgado, esta situación se encaminó a un cambio, debido a que ahora muchos ecuatorianos tienen acceso a diferentes servicios, los cuales en Gobiernos anteriores eran impensables; por ejemplo, la gratuidad de la educación, los servicios de salud y vivienda, entre otros.
Según varios analistas nacionales, este incremento ha sido posible gracias a la creación de la Ley de Equidad Tributaria para el Ecuador, en el año 2007, la cual tiene entre sus principales objetivos incrementar el nivel de recaudación fiscal, erradicar el hambre y la pobreza, infundir una cultura tributaria en todo el territorio ecuatoriano y realizar una equitativa redistribución de la riqueza, es decir eliminar o al menos disminuir la brecha de la desigualdad social.
Con esto el Gobierno cumple con el Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir, el cual se encuentra estipulado en el artículo número 3 de la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, el mismo que afirma que el Estado debe velar por el bienestar de los ciudadanos sin distinción alguna de sexo, raza y condición social, entre otros; viviendo siempre en armonía entre sí y con el medio ambiente.
This thesis project is focused on analyzing the tools and strategies that the government has implemented during the period 2007 - 2014, for proper distribution of wealth, thus improving the standard of living of the inhabitants of Ecuador, due to which it has invested more in health, education, roads and security. It is important to assess the fulfillment of objectives set by the Government and to compare not only data but with the reality of the Ecuadorian people. In Ecuador social inequality, non-distribution of wealth and inequality in the distribution thereof are a serious problem, it is common to show families living in extreme poverty. However, from the beginning of the presidential term of economist Rafael Correa Delgado, this situation headed for a change, because now many Ecuadorians have access to different services, which in previous governments were unthinkable; for example, free education, health services and housing, among others. According to several national analysts, this increase has been made possible by the creation of the Tax Equity Act for Ecuador, in 2007, which has among its main objectives to increase the level of tax collection, eradicate hunger and poverty, instill a tax culture throughout the Ecuadorian territory and make a fair redistribution of wealth, ie eliminate or at least reduce the gap of social inequality. With this the government complies with the National Plan for Good Living, which is stipulated in Article No. 3 of the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, the same states that the state must ensure the welfare of citizens without distinction sex, race and social status, among others; always living in harmony with each other and with the environment.
This thesis project is focused on analyzing the tools and strategies that the government has implemented during the period 2007 - 2014, for proper distribution of wealth, thus improving the standard of living of the inhabitants of Ecuador, due to which it has invested more in health, education, roads and security. It is important to assess the fulfillment of objectives set by the Government and to compare not only data but with the reality of the Ecuadorian people. In Ecuador social inequality, non-distribution of wealth and inequality in the distribution thereof are a serious problem, it is common to show families living in extreme poverty. However, from the beginning of the presidential term of economist Rafael Correa Delgado, this situation headed for a change, because now many Ecuadorians have access to different services, which in previous governments were unthinkable; for example, free education, health services and housing, among others. According to several national analysts, this increase has been made possible by the creation of the Tax Equity Act for Ecuador, in 2007, which has among its main objectives to increase the level of tax collection, eradicate hunger and poverty, instill a tax culture throughout the Ecuadorian territory and make a fair redistribution of wealth, ie eliminate or at least reduce the gap of social inequality. With this the government complies with the National Plan for Good Living, which is stipulated in Article No. 3 of the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, the same states that the state must ensure the welfare of citizens without distinction sex, race and social status, among others; always living in harmony with each other and with the environment.
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BALANZA DE PAGOS, POLÍTICA ECONÓMICA, INVERSIÓN EXTRANJERA DIRECTA