Analizar el precio oficial de banano ecuatoriano y su relación con la demanda mundial
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2016-09-15
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Resumen
El banano ecuatoriano es el primer producto de exportación no petrolero, en su
informe de octubre de 2015, el BCE nos indica que el sector banano y plátano se
constituyó con un 24.24% en el primer sector de exportación de productos no
petroleros. Los principales importadores de banano ecuatoriano son Alemania, Rusia,
Estados Unidos y China. El 30% de la oferta mundial de banano proviene de Ecuador,
según datos del Pro Ecuador en su informe Análisis del Sector Bananero Año 2015.
A pesar del primer sitial obtenido por Ecuador como exportador de banano,
existen factores que generan variaciones en las exportaciones, el principal según este
estudio es que el precio mínimo de sustentación para la caja de banano establecido por
el MAGAP año a año es factor preponderante dentro de la interacción entre Productor
– Exportador – Cliente del exterior; dicho precio fijo se cancela de forma anual al
productor por parte del exportador, mientras que el exportador en el exterior debe
negociar el precio de la caja bajo los parámetros que el mercado determine, es decir de
acuerdo al precio que el propio mercado determine día a día.
Como soluciones a la problemática expuesta se propone la firma de acuerdos
comerciales con nuestros principales mercados de destino que fomenten y aseguren una
comercialización de la fruta a los exportadores con precios razonables que garanticen
una estabilidad del mercado local. Además continuar desarrollando una matriz
productiva nueva donde nuestros principales productos exportables sean
comercializados con valor agregado para enviar a los mercados internacionales
productos terminados.
Ecuadorian bananas is the first product of non-oil export, in its report of October 2015, the ECB indicates that the banana and plantain industry was established as the main export sector with 24.24% share of the total non-oil. Among the major importers of Ecuadorian bananas are Germany, Russia, the United States and China. 30% of the world supply of banana comes from Ecuador, according to the Pro Ecuador in its report Banana Analysis October 2015. Despite the first seat obtained by Ecuador as an exporter of bananas, there are factors that generate changes in exports, the main according to this study is that the minimum support price for a box of bananas established by the MAGAP year to year. It is major factor in the interaction between Producer - Exporter - Importer; the fixed price must be paid to the grower annually by the exporter, the exporter while abroad should negotiate the price of the box speculatively, according to the price that the market determine daily. As solutions to the problems exposed the sign of trade agreements with our main markets that promote and ensure commercialization of fruit exporters with reasonable prices to ensure stability of the local market it is proposed. In addition to further develop a new production model where our main export products are marketed with added value to send to international markets finished products.
Ecuadorian bananas is the first product of non-oil export, in its report of October 2015, the ECB indicates that the banana and plantain industry was established as the main export sector with 24.24% share of the total non-oil. Among the major importers of Ecuadorian bananas are Germany, Russia, the United States and China. 30% of the world supply of banana comes from Ecuador, according to the Pro Ecuador in its report Banana Analysis October 2015. Despite the first seat obtained by Ecuador as an exporter of bananas, there are factors that generate changes in exports, the main according to this study is that the minimum support price for a box of bananas established by the MAGAP year to year. It is major factor in the interaction between Producer - Exporter - Importer; the fixed price must be paid to the grower annually by the exporter, the exporter while abroad should negotiate the price of the box speculatively, according to the price that the market determine daily. As solutions to the problems exposed the sign of trade agreements with our main markets that promote and ensure commercialization of fruit exporters with reasonable prices to ensure stability of the local market it is proposed. In addition to further develop a new production model where our main export products are marketed with added value to send to international markets finished products.
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Palabras clave
NUEVOS MERCADOS PARA EL BANANO ECUATORIANO, EXPORTACIONES DE BANANO, PRECIO OFICIAL DE LA CAJA DE BANANO, PRECIO DE MERCADO DE LA CAJA DE BANANO