Estudio socio-económico del cultivo de arroz Oryza sativa L. en el Sector Plan América
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Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo investigativo se realizó en el sector rural Plan
América perteneciente al Cantón Daule ubicado en la región Litoral o Costa,
al noroeste de la cuenca baja de la provincia del Guayas, entre los años
2015 a 2016, el cual tuvo como objetivo general; analizar el nivel productivo,
social y económico de la producción arrocera en el sector Plan América.
Para el desarrollo de este trabajo de titulación, se emplearon los métodos
teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos: El método teórico permitió describir los
factores que intervinieron en cada variable y que representan el tema de
investigación que no son observables directamente. El método empírico se
utilizó para establecer las características del problema a estudiar empleando
las técnicas de observación para la comprobación experimental de la
hipótesis. Y los métodos estadísticos que sirvieron para reforzar los métodos
teóricos y empíricos de la misma, esta investigación fue de tipo exploratoria
y descriptiva, debido que las técnicas empleadas fueron las encuestas y
entrevistas, para lo cual se realizaron formularios de preguntas abiertas y
cerradas, y los métodos estadísticos utilizados fueron tablas de correlación
de Pearson bilateral con un 95% de confianza y 5% de error, y gráficos
circulares de porcentajes, por medio del paquete estadístico SPSS y EXCEL.
Como resultados y conclusiones se obtuvieron que el estado civil
predominante es el de unión libre, todas las personas se dedican a la
agricultura, realizan monocultivos de arroz y es una actividad que la realiza
más de dos miembros familiares, mayoritariamente trabajan con el uso de la
tecnología, capacitaciones cursos; también, el producto de sus cosechas es
destinado a consumo directo y otros lo llevan al pilado. El destino de los
ingresos de esta actividad, es principalmente para la alimentación, salud, y
educación, en dicho orden. Además, el 96% poseen entre 1 a 10 hectáreas
productivas, el 75% de las personas siembran en tierras propias, de las
cuales el 58% de personas trabajan con capital propio y un 42% recurre al
crédito.
The present research work was carried out in the rural sector Plan America, located in the Coastal region, northwest of the lower basin of Canton Daule, Guayas province, during the years 2015 to 2016, which had as general objective analyze the productive, social and economic level of rice production in the sector above mentioned. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used for the development of this titling work; the theoretical method helps to describe the factors that intervened in each variable which represent the research topic that is not directly observable. The empirical method was used to establish the characteristics of the problem to be studied, by using observation techniques for the experimental verification of the hypothesis. Finally, statistical methods were used to reinforce theoretical and empirical methods. This research was exploratory and descriptive because the research tools applied were surveys and interviews, for which open and closed question forms were made, while the statistical methods used were bilateral Pearson correlation tables with 95% confidence and 5% error, and percentage pie charts, by using the statistical package SPSS and EXCEL. As results and conclusions there was found that the predominant civil status is consensual union, all people work in agriculture, they conduct monoculture rice and it is an activity performed by more than two family members, who mostly work with the use of Technology, training courses. Also, the product of the harvests is destined to direct consumption and others are taken to the husk removing process. The destination of the incomes from this activity is mainly intended for food, health, and education, in that order. In addition, 96% have between 1 and 10 productive hectares, 75% of the people sow on their own land, of which 58% of them work with their own capital and 42% apply for credit.
The present research work was carried out in the rural sector Plan America, located in the Coastal region, northwest of the lower basin of Canton Daule, Guayas province, during the years 2015 to 2016, which had as general objective analyze the productive, social and economic level of rice production in the sector above mentioned. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used for the development of this titling work; the theoretical method helps to describe the factors that intervened in each variable which represent the research topic that is not directly observable. The empirical method was used to establish the characteristics of the problem to be studied, by using observation techniques for the experimental verification of the hypothesis. Finally, statistical methods were used to reinforce theoretical and empirical methods. This research was exploratory and descriptive because the research tools applied were surveys and interviews, for which open and closed question forms were made, while the statistical methods used were bilateral Pearson correlation tables with 95% confidence and 5% error, and percentage pie charts, by using the statistical package SPSS and EXCEL. As results and conclusions there was found that the predominant civil status is consensual union, all people work in agriculture, they conduct monoculture rice and it is an activity performed by more than two family members, who mostly work with the use of Technology, training courses. Also, the product of the harvests is destined to direct consumption and others are taken to the husk removing process. The destination of the incomes from this activity is mainly intended for food, health, and education, in that order. In addition, 96% have between 1 and 10 productive hectares, 75% of the people sow on their own land, of which 58% of them work with their own capital and 42% apply for credit.
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ESTUDIO SOCIO-ECONOMICO, PLAN AMERICA, ARROZ, PRODUCCION, AGRICULTURA