Fertilización foliar orgánica a base de multielementos en el cultivo de tomate solanum lycopersicum L.
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2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La presente investigación se realizó en el recinto Las avispas, Parroquia
Chobo está ubicado en la zona Sur-Oeste del cantón Milagro de la provincia
del Guayas las coordinadas geográficas son 02ºO8’O5” S. 79º35’14” W., una
altitud de 13msnm, como objetivo general, determinar la dosificación óptima
del fertilizante multielementos para el desarrollo fisiológico del cultivo del
tomate (Solanum lycopersicum, L)., como Objetivo específicos a) Evaluar el
comportamiento agronómico del tomate, sometidos a cinco dosis de
fertilización foliar con multielementos b) realizar un análisis económico de
los tratamientos; se utilizó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar
(DBCA);con 6 tratamientos en 4 repeticiones, ejecutando el método análisis
de varianza (ANOVA) para comprobar la existencia o no de diferencias
estadísticas entre los factores y sus interacciones, Ante la presencia de
diferencias significativas se realizó la prueba de rangos múltiples Tukey al 5%
de probabilidad.- Con la investigación se llegó a las siguientes conclusiones
en el tratamiento T5 incidió de manera positiva en las variables, peso de frutos,
(18,6 Kg/T) longitud de frutos (22,2 cm/T) y cantidad de frutos (102
unid/T),con mejor resultado fisiológico con la aplicación de multielementos
fue el tratamiento T6 en las variables Altura de planta, (36,40 cm/T) Longitud
radicular, (270,7 mm/T) Diámetro del tallo, (1,97 mm/T) y Emisión de hojas
(26 unid/T), la aplicación de fertilizante multielementos foliar orgánico,
obtuvo diferentes variaciones fisiológicas en el cultivo del tomate dando como
mayor rendimiento (62,000 Kg/Ha) el tratamiento cinco (T5= 2 litro de
multielementos / 200 litros de agua), y por el contrario como menor
rendimiento (26,750 Kg/Ha) el tratamiento tres (T3= 1 ½ litro de
multielementos / 200 litros de agua), como mejor rentabilidad económica se
recomienda la aplicación del tratamiento T5 con (51.028USD/Ha), que
presentó la mayor tasa de retorno marginal.
The present research work was carried out in the area “Las Avispas” Chobo parish, which is located in the South-West zone of the canton Milagro, Guayas province. The geographical coordinates are 02ºO8'O5 "S. 79º35'14" W., an altitude of 13msnm, the general objective of this research is to determine the optimal dosage of the multi-element fertilizer for the physiological development of the tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum, L). The specific aims of the study are: a) Evaluate the agronomic performance of tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum, L), subjected to five Foliar fertilizations with multi-elements b) carry out an economic analysis of the treatments; (DBCA), with 6 treatments in 4 replicates, using the variance analysis method (ANOVA) to verify the existence or non-existence of statistical differences between the factors and their interactions. Due to significant differences, it was applied the Tukey multiple range test at 5% probability. With this research, it was concluded that treatment five (T5) positively affected the variables, fruit weight, (18.6 kg / T) length of fruits (22.2 cm / T) and number of fruits (102 unid / T), with the application of multi-elements, treatment six (T6) had a better physiological result in the variables Height of plant, (36,40 cm / T) Length (26 mm / T), with the application of organic multi-element fertilizer, it was obtained different physiological variations in the tomato cultivation such as higher yield (T5 = 2 liter of multi-elements / 200 liters of water), on the contrary as a lower yield (26,750 kg / Ha) treatment three (T3 = 1 ½ liter of multi-elements / 200 liters of water), shows the best economic return, which is recommended in the application of treatment five (T5) with (51,028 USD / ha) and shows the highest marginal rate of return
The present research work was carried out in the area “Las Avispas” Chobo parish, which is located in the South-West zone of the canton Milagro, Guayas province. The geographical coordinates are 02ºO8'O5 "S. 79º35'14" W., an altitude of 13msnm, the general objective of this research is to determine the optimal dosage of the multi-element fertilizer for the physiological development of the tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum, L). The specific aims of the study are: a) Evaluate the agronomic performance of tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum, L), subjected to five Foliar fertilizations with multi-elements b) carry out an economic analysis of the treatments; (DBCA), with 6 treatments in 4 replicates, using the variance analysis method (ANOVA) to verify the existence or non-existence of statistical differences between the factors and their interactions. Due to significant differences, it was applied the Tukey multiple range test at 5% probability. With this research, it was concluded that treatment five (T5) positively affected the variables, fruit weight, (18.6 kg / T) length of fruits (22.2 cm / T) and number of fruits (102 unid / T), with the application of multi-elements, treatment six (T6) had a better physiological result in the variables Height of plant, (36,40 cm / T) Length (26 mm / T), with the application of organic multi-element fertilizer, it was obtained different physiological variations in the tomato cultivation such as higher yield (T5 = 2 liter of multi-elements / 200 liters of water), on the contrary as a lower yield (26,750 kg / Ha) treatment three (T3 = 1 ½ liter of multi-elements / 200 liters of water), shows the best economic return, which is recommended in the application of treatment five (T5) with (51,028 USD / ha) and shows the highest marginal rate of return
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FERTILIZANTE, FOLIAR, MULTIELEMENTOS, CULTIVO, RENDIMIENTO, PRODUCCION