Efecto de Hypocrea lixii sobre el tizón temprano del tomate Alternaria solani en condiciones de invernadero Guayas 2014
Fecha
2015
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
The present research work was carried out from the first week of
August, 2016 until the end of January, 2017 in Daule canton, Guayas province,
in the premises of the in-vitro culture laboratory AGROVITROPARIS; Which is
located between the geographical coordinates 1 51 '37.77' (South Latitude),
79º 58 '34.42 "(Western Longitude) and 15 m.s.n.m. The objective of this study
was to evaluate the effect of chitosan as a growth promoter to be added to the
culture medium for orchids Cattleyas spp. As starting plant material axillary
and apical buds were used as explants, whose mother plants presented good
agronomic characteristics; These were placed in flasks with necessary
nutrients necessary for their development; and chitosan doses to be evaluated
were (0mg / L, 70mg / L, 90mg / L, 150mg / L, 180mg / L, 200mg / L, 250mg /
L). The fully randomized blocks design was used with four replicates and seven
treatments. According to the results obtained, we conclude that: Seven
treatments of 250 mg / L of chitosan added to the culture medium achieved
the best results in all the variables evaluated due to the use of a higher dose
of chitosan. A complete plant was obtained with a germination percentage of
93.75%, 5.25 shoots, 5.75 leaves, 3.75 roots, a leaf width of 2.20 cm and
vigorous roots of 3.43 cm and less than 1.00 contamination. The application of
chitosan to the culture medium is a favorable option in the in vitro propagation
of the orchid Cattleya sp, significantly improving the root development in a
short period of time.
The tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill is a solanum which is affected by various microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes; to prevent these problems there are used pesticides for handling, the same that rise costs for production and damage the health of working people in agriculture and consumers. Among the common diseases in economical important of tomato we find early blight or Alternariosis, caused by Alternaria solani. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of Hypocrea lixii on tomato early blight Alternaria solani, under greenhouse conditions developed between October 2014 and May 2015. Research had five treatments per experiment in dose and frequency, it was used a completely random design (CRD) with 10 experimental units. The dose study treatments were: 1x106, 1x108 and 1x1010 conidia per ml. in five application frequencies. 10, 15, 20, 28 and 44 days after transplantation; two witnesses in both trials, an absolute one and one chemical is included. Data on the incidence and severity of the disease were recorded by the scale of 0-5 degrees, where 0 = no symptoms to 5 = more than 50% of the spotted leaf area. It was determined that the dose of 1 x 1010 Hypocrea lixii showed the lower incidence of damage by Alternaria solani 5.8 % ; the frequency with the lowest percentage of affected plants was every 20 days.
The tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill is a solanum which is affected by various microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes; to prevent these problems there are used pesticides for handling, the same that rise costs for production and damage the health of working people in agriculture and consumers. Among the common diseases in economical important of tomato we find early blight or Alternariosis, caused by Alternaria solani. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of Hypocrea lixii on tomato early blight Alternaria solani, under greenhouse conditions developed between October 2014 and May 2015. Research had five treatments per experiment in dose and frequency, it was used a completely random design (CRD) with 10 experimental units. The dose study treatments were: 1x106, 1x108 and 1x1010 conidia per ml. in five application frequencies. 10, 15, 20, 28 and 44 days after transplantation; two witnesses in both trials, an absolute one and one chemical is included. Data on the incidence and severity of the disease were recorded by the scale of 0-5 degrees, where 0 = no symptoms to 5 = more than 50% of the spotted leaf area. It was determined that the dose of 1 x 1010 Hypocrea lixii showed the lower incidence of damage by Alternaria solani 5.8 % ; the frequency with the lowest percentage of affected plants was every 20 days.
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ALTERNATIVA, HYPOCREA LIXII, ANTOGONISMO