Factores de riesgo desencadenantes de asfixia neonatal en el área de UCIN del Hospital Guayaquil año 2015
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Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La asfixia neonatal es una patología de alta frecuenta pero prevenible mediante la correcta identificación de los factores de riesgo que influyen de manera directa en su aparición. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue identificar los diferentes factores de riesgo tanto maternos como neonatales, que están asociados al desarrollo de asfixia neonatal. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de casos retrospectivo durante el año 2015, incluyendo 70 casos de asfixia neonatal, confirmados por criterios clínicos. Resultados: las variables que resultaron asociadas fueron trabajo de parto distócico (43%) y cesárea (51%), ruptura prematura de membranas (71%), adecuado peso al nacer (58%) y edad gestacional mayor de 37 semanas (91%). Conclusiones: Es este trabajo se evidencia que los principales factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de asfixia neonatal son: Cesáreas, Partos distócicos, Sufrimiento fetal agudo. Además que la incidencia de asfixia neonatal en el 2015 fue del 19% con respecto a los ingresos en general al áreas de UCIN del Hospital Guayaquil.
Neonatal asphyxia is a condition of high frequent but preventable through proper identification of the risk factors that influence directly in their appearance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the different risk factors maternal and neonatal, which are associated with the development of neonatal asphyxia. Methodology: A retrospective case study was conducted during 2015, including 70 cases of neonatal asphyxia, confirmed by clinical criteria. Results: The variables that were associated were working dystocia (43%) and cesarean section (52%), premature rupture of membranes (72%), adequate birth weight (58%) and higher gestational age of 37 weeks (92% ). Conclusions: It is this work is evident that the main risk factors for the development of neonatal asphyxia are Caesarean sections, dystocia, fetal distress. In addition the incidence of neonatal asphyxia in 2015 was 19% compared to revenues in general the area of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Guayaquil.
Neonatal asphyxia is a condition of high frequent but preventable through proper identification of the risk factors that influence directly in their appearance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the different risk factors maternal and neonatal, which are associated with the development of neonatal asphyxia. Methodology: A retrospective case study was conducted during 2015, including 70 cases of neonatal asphyxia, confirmed by clinical criteria. Results: The variables that were associated were working dystocia (43%) and cesarean section (52%), premature rupture of membranes (72%), adequate birth weight (58%) and higher gestational age of 37 weeks (92% ). Conclusions: It is this work is evident that the main risk factors for the development of neonatal asphyxia are Caesarean sections, dystocia, fetal distress. In addition the incidence of neonatal asphyxia in 2015 was 19% compared to revenues in general the area of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Guayaquil.
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Recién nacido, Asfixia neonatal, Hipoxia, Factores de riesgo, Cuidados críticos, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal, Factores desencadenantes