Mola hidatiforme, factores de riesgo y complicaciones. Estudio a realizar en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor en el período 2012-2014
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2016
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La mola hidatiforme es el producto anormal de una gestación caracterizada por la alteración de las vellosidades coriales que se degeneran formando múltiples vesículas caracterizada por la ausencia de vascularización y la tendencia proliferativa del epitelio de revestimiento que se acompaña a menudo de un grado variable de hiperplasia del trofoblasto. Varias ilustraciones anatómicas, clínicos y citogenéticos han demostrado que la mayoría de las portadoras de mola hidatiforme cura después de la eliminación o evacuación de la mola; otras tienden a desarrollar las formas recurrentes, invasivas y malignas las cuales muchas de ellas fallecen en un plazo corto debido a las metástasis pulmonares o cerebrales, si no recibieran tratamiento quimioterápico. Clásicamente la mola hidatiforme se ha dividido en dos grupos principales: la mola completa y la mola parcial. La mola clásica o completa no presenta feto o embrión y contiene un cariotipo 46 XX o 46 XY. Mientras que la mola parcial o incompleta se acompaña de embrión, feto, o saco gestacional con un cariotipo triploide, 69 XXY. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar los factores de riesgo y complicaciones de las mujeres que presentaron mola hidatiforme en el hospital ginecoobstetrico Enrique c. Sotomayor en el periodo 2012-2014 en donde las pacientes luego de haber ingresado por Emergencia y consulta externa bajo esta presunción diagnóstica siendo valoradas utilizando una hoja de recolección de datos, historia clínica minuciosa, y exámenes complementarios. De acuerdo al caso, con un universo estudiado de 100 pacientes, en el período comprendido entre enero del 2012 hasta diciembre del 2014. La metodología es de tipo descriptivo correlacional con diseño no experimental, longitudinal, retrospectivo. Los resultados obtenidos expresaron que el mayor porcentaje de pacientes que presentan embarazo molar está en el rango de 16 a 20 años con 29%, seguido del rango de 21 a 25 años con 21%. Dentro de los factores de riesgo se observó que el 74% eran multigesta. La complicación que en mayor porcentaje se registro es la hemorragia con 65%, seguido de las infecciones con 32% y la perforación uterina con 2%. La mortalidad en mola hidatiforme corresponde al 2% en este estudio realizado en los años 2012-2013-2014.
It likes her hidatiforme is the abnormal product of a gestation characterized by the alteration of chorionic villi degenerating forming multiple vesicles characterized by the absence of vascularization and proliferative epithelium lining trend that often accompanies a variable degree of hyperplasia trophoblast . Several anatomical , clinical and cytogenetic illustrations have shown that most of the carriers of hydatidiform cure after removal or evacuation of the mole Others tend to develop recurrent types, invasive and malign which many of them pass out in a short period of time due to pulmonary and brain metastases if they dont receive chemoteraphy Treatment. Classic it likes her hidatiforme has divided in two principal groups: it likes her completes and likes her partially. It likes her classic or complete he does not present fetus or embryo and contains a cariotipo 46 XX or 46 XY. Whereas it likes her partial or incomplete he accompanies of embryo, fetus, or sack gestacional on a cariotipo triploide, 69 XXY. The intention of this investigation is to determine the risk factor`s and complications of the women who presented molar pregnancy in the area of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the Hospital Enrique c. Sotomayor Guayaquil, in where the patients after having entered for Emergency, and external consultation under this diagnostic presumption using a leaf of compilation of information, clinical meticulous history, and complementary examinations. In agreement to the case, with a studied universe of 100 patients, in the period understood between January, 2012 until December, 2014. The methodology is of descriptive type - correlacional with not experimental, longitudinal, retrospective design. The obtained results expressed that the major percentage of patients who present molar pregnancy is in the range from 16 to 20 years with 29 %, followed by the range from 21 to 25 years with 21 %. Among the risk factors we found that 74% were multigesta. Mola hidatiforme mortality corresponds to 2% in this study in the years 2012-2013-2014. The complication that in major percentage registry is the hemorrhage with 65 %, followed by the infections with 32 %, and the uterine perforation with 2 %.
It likes her hidatiforme is the abnormal product of a gestation characterized by the alteration of chorionic villi degenerating forming multiple vesicles characterized by the absence of vascularization and proliferative epithelium lining trend that often accompanies a variable degree of hyperplasia trophoblast . Several anatomical , clinical and cytogenetic illustrations have shown that most of the carriers of hydatidiform cure after removal or evacuation of the mole Others tend to develop recurrent types, invasive and malign which many of them pass out in a short period of time due to pulmonary and brain metastases if they dont receive chemoteraphy Treatment. Classic it likes her hidatiforme has divided in two principal groups: it likes her completes and likes her partially. It likes her classic or complete he does not present fetus or embryo and contains a cariotipo 46 XX or 46 XY. Whereas it likes her partial or incomplete he accompanies of embryo, fetus, or sack gestacional on a cariotipo triploide, 69 XXY. The intention of this investigation is to determine the risk factor`s and complications of the women who presented molar pregnancy in the area of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the Hospital Enrique c. Sotomayor Guayaquil, in where the patients after having entered for Emergency, and external consultation under this diagnostic presumption using a leaf of compilation of information, clinical meticulous history, and complementary examinations. In agreement to the case, with a studied universe of 100 patients, in the period understood between January, 2012 until December, 2014. The methodology is of descriptive type - correlacional with not experimental, longitudinal, retrospective design. The obtained results expressed that the major percentage of patients who present molar pregnancy is in the range from 16 to 20 years with 29 %, followed by the range from 21 to 25 years with 21 %. Among the risk factors we found that 74% were multigesta. Mola hidatiforme mortality corresponds to 2% in this study in the years 2012-2013-2014. The complication that in major percentage registry is the hemorrhage with 65 %, followed by the infections with 32 %, and the uterine perforation with 2 %.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Mola hidatiforme, Factores de riesgo, Complicaciones obstétricas, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador