Utilidad de la medición manual de la altura uterina como predictor de parto en pacientes inducidas con misoprostol. Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor 2007 - 2008
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2011
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La medición de la altura uterina durante el embarazo es una técnica de
apoyo al control prenatal para facilitar al personal de centros de salud y hospitales
del primer y segundo nivel de referencia en la correcta vigilancia del embarazo.
Para minimizar la posibilidad de eventos adversos y corregirlos es preciso la
identificación de las principales complicaciones atribuibles a la no ejecución de
este procedimiento diagnóstico. Por este motivo, se realizó en el área de
emergencia del hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor, un estudio observacional,
descriptivo de diseño no experimental longitudinal retrospectivo donde se ha
establecido de manera clara y concisa la medición de la altura uterina en 110
pacientes seleccionadas, en presentación cefálica con un embarazo a término o
postérmino, con indicación de inducción del trabajo de parto, excluyéndose
pacientes con cirugía uterina previa, hemodinamicamente inestables, productos
preterminos y productos con malformaciones fetales. Para la comparación de los
valores se empleó la prueba del chi2. En el estudio 39.39% de pacientes tuvieron
un parto normal con alturas uterinas de 32 y 33 cm, mientras que 36.4% de
pacientes tuvo una cesárea con alturas uterinas de 34 y 35 cm. Los resultados
mostraron que no existió asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la altura
uterina y la terminación del embarazo, exceptuándose menores complicaciones en
las pacientes de parto normal (4.5 %) en relación con las pacientes de cesárea
(18.8%).
The measure of the uterine alture during pregnancy is a technique of support of prenatal control, to facilitate the personal of subcenters and hospitals, the correct vigilance of pregnancy . To minimize the possibility of these adverse events is accurate and correct identification of the major complications attributable to the implementation of this diagnostic procedure. This study was realized in the emergency area of the Enrique C. Sotomayor Obstetric- Gynecologic Hospital, it has established a clear an concise form, the measure of the uterine alture in the patients with cephalic presentation, post term pregnancy, with indications of induction of childbirth, excluding patients with previous uterine scars, inestable patients, preterm childbirth and products defects. For comparison of values was used Chi2 test considering significant values of P <0.05. In this study 39.39% of patients had childbirth with uterine alture of 32 and 33 cm. And 36.4% of patients had a cesarean with uterine alture of 34 and 35 cm. The results showed no statistically significant association between uterine alture and termination of pregnancy, except that it was significant that there were less complications in patients of childbirth (4.5%) than the patients of cesarean (18.8%).
The measure of the uterine alture during pregnancy is a technique of support of prenatal control, to facilitate the personal of subcenters and hospitals, the correct vigilance of pregnancy . To minimize the possibility of these adverse events is accurate and correct identification of the major complications attributable to the implementation of this diagnostic procedure. This study was realized in the emergency area of the Enrique C. Sotomayor Obstetric- Gynecologic Hospital, it has established a clear an concise form, the measure of the uterine alture in the patients with cephalic presentation, post term pregnancy, with indications of induction of childbirth, excluding patients with previous uterine scars, inestable patients, preterm childbirth and products defects. For comparison of values was used Chi2 test considering significant values of P <0.05. In this study 39.39% of patients had childbirth with uterine alture of 32 and 33 cm. And 36.4% of patients had a cesarean with uterine alture of 34 and 35 cm. The results showed no statistically significant association between uterine alture and termination of pregnancy, except that it was significant that there were less complications in patients of childbirth (4.5%) than the patients of cesarean (18.8%).
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Palabras clave
Misoprostol, Parto, Altura uterina, Atención prenatal, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Medición de longitud cervical, Trabajo de parto inducido