Pancreatitis aguda, factores de riesgo y complicaciones en pacientes entre 20 a 40 años, estudio realizado en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el año 2012 al 2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
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INTRODUCCIÓN: La pancreatitis aguda (PA) es una enfermedad inflamatoria, originada por la activación, liberación intersticial y autodigestión de la glándula por sus propias enzimas. Aunque es una enfermedad que puede presentarse en cualquier persona existen factores de riesgo como la edad entre 40 a 60 años, consumo de alcohol en el sexo masculino y patología de vías biliares que afecta con mayor frecuencia al sexo femenino, entre otros factores asociados se encuentra la hipertrigliceridemia, obesidad, trauma abdominal posterior a CPRE o intervención quirúrgica. Entre las complicaciones tenemos las sistémicas que se presentan de forma temprana y producen falla multiorgánica y las complicaciones locales que son tardías como la necrosis, absceso o pseudoquistes pancreáticos.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Las variables analizadas fueron sexo, edad, factores de riesgo y complicaciones en pacientes de 20 a 40 años. Se tomó como población 100 historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados de pancreatitis aguda ingresados en el Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el período 2012-2015.
RESULTADOS: Con respecto al sexo la PA se presentó en un 52% en las mujeres y, con una diferencia no muy significativa, en un 48% en los varones. Con respecto a la edad se presentó con mayor frecuencia entre los 30 a 39 años con un 56%. De los factores de riesgo el que con mayor frecuencia se presenta es la hipertrigliceridemia con un 55%, en segundo lugar se encuentra la patología biliar con el 42%, en tercer lugar con un 32% está el alcoholismo.
CONCLUSIÓN: La pancreatitis aguda es una enfermedad prevenible, detectando tempranamente los factores de riesgo asociados e informando a los pacientes los cambios en el estilo de vida que deberían tener. El diagnóstico oportuno de PA para así evitar posibles complicaciones que aunque no son muy frecuentes pueden ser graves.
INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis (PA) is an inflammatory disease caused by activation, interstitial liberation and self-digestion of the gland by its own enzymes. Although it is a disease that can occur in anyone with risk factors such as age between 40 to 60 years, alcohol consumption in males and pathology of biliary tract that most often affects females, among other associated factors is hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, posterior abdominal trauma or surgery ERCP. Among the systemic complications they have presented early and produce multiple organ failure and local complications that are delayed as necrosis, abscess or pancreatic pseudocysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. The variables analyzed were sex, age, risk factors and complications in patients 20 to 40 years. Population was taken as 100 medical records of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis admitted to the Gastroenterology Service of Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2012-2015. RESULTS: Regarding gender PA was presented by 52% in women and, with no significant difference, by 48% in men. With regard to age it occurred more frequently among 30 to 39 years with 56%. Risk factors which most frequently occurs is hypertriglyceridemia 55%, second biliary pathology is 42%, in third place with 32% is alcoholism. CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis is a preventable disease, early detecting risk factors associated informing patients and changes in lifestyle should have. Early diagnosis of PA to avoid possible complications are rare but can be serious.
INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis (PA) is an inflammatory disease caused by activation, interstitial liberation and self-digestion of the gland by its own enzymes. Although it is a disease that can occur in anyone with risk factors such as age between 40 to 60 years, alcohol consumption in males and pathology of biliary tract that most often affects females, among other associated factors is hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, posterior abdominal trauma or surgery ERCP. Among the systemic complications they have presented early and produce multiple organ failure and local complications that are delayed as necrosis, abscess or pancreatic pseudocysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. The variables analyzed were sex, age, risk factors and complications in patients 20 to 40 years. Population was taken as 100 medical records of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis admitted to the Gastroenterology Service of Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period 2012-2015. RESULTS: Regarding gender PA was presented by 52% in women and, with no significant difference, by 48% in men. With regard to age it occurred more frequently among 30 to 39 years with 56%. Risk factors which most frequently occurs is hypertriglyceridemia 55%, second biliary pathology is 42%, in third place with 32% is alcoholism. CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis is a preventable disease, early detecting risk factors associated informing patients and changes in lifestyle should have. Early diagnosis of PA to avoid possible complications are rare but can be serious.
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Pancretitis, Factores de riesgo, Complicaciones, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Adulto joven, Adulto