Embarazo adolescente y complicaciones de la preeclampsia, estudio a realizar en Maternidad Mariana de Jesús, período 2014-2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las principales complicaciones que se presentan en la preeclampsia en las mujeres adolescentes atendidas en el Hospital Mariana de Jesús de la ciudad de Guayaquil, en el período comprendido entre Enero de 2014 a Enero de 2015, con la final de obtener datos reales, confiables y actuales que sirvan para implementar programas de atención primaria de salud.
El diseño de esta investigación es descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo, concurrente en 150 pacientes adolescentes con preeclampsia, se investigó historias clínicas de mujeres ingresadas en el servicio de gineco-obstetricia.
El índice de masa corporal elevada, los controles prenatales deficientes, la nuliparidad, el nivel escolar bajo y la residencia rural estuvo asociada estadísticamente con la preeclampsia, en tanto que las enfermedades crónicas asociadas evaluadas (HTA crónica, diabetes mellitus, enfermedad renal, síndrome antifosfolipído primario, cardiopatías) no estuvieron relacionadas con el evento estudiado. La incidencia de preeclampsia fue 0.30% (2014) y 1.2% (2015) y requirieron parto por cesárea el 68% de las pacientes.
The aim of this study is to identify the main complications that occur in preeclampsia in adolescent women attending the Mariana Hospital of Jesus in the city of Guayaquil, in the period from January 2014 to January 2015, with the end of obtain real, reliable and current data that serve to implement programs of primary health care. The design of this research is descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective, concurrent in 150 adolescent patients with preeclampsia, medical records of women admitted in the service of gynecology and obstetrics was investigated. The index of high body mass, poor prenatal checkups, nuliparity, school level low and rural residence was statistically associated with pre-eclampsia, while chronic diseases associated evaluated (chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, antiphospholipid syndrome primary, heart disease) were not related to the studied event. The incidence of preeclampsia was 0.30% (2014) and 1.2% (2015) and cesarean delivery required 68% of patients.
The aim of this study is to identify the main complications that occur in preeclampsia in adolescent women attending the Mariana Hospital of Jesus in the city of Guayaquil, in the period from January 2014 to January 2015, with the end of obtain real, reliable and current data that serve to implement programs of primary health care. The design of this research is descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective, concurrent in 150 adolescent patients with preeclampsia, medical records of women admitted in the service of gynecology and obstetrics was investigated. The index of high body mass, poor prenatal checkups, nuliparity, school level low and rural residence was statistically associated with pre-eclampsia, while chronic diseases associated evaluated (chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, antiphospholipid syndrome primary, heart disease) were not related to the studied event. The incidence of preeclampsia was 0.30% (2014) and 1.2% (2015) and cesarean delivery required 68% of patients.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Preeclampsia, Factores de riesgo, Estudios retrospectivos, Epidemiología descriptiva, Complicaciones del embarazo, Cantón Guayaquil, Hospital Especializado Mariana de Jesús, Ecuador