Estudio de la calidad fisicoquímica y bacteriológica del agua en parques acuáticos
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar la calidad fisicoquímica y bacteriológica del agua de los 4 parques acuáticos ubicados en el sur y sur – oeste de la ciudad de Guayaquil comparándola con los parámetros establecidos la Norma NTE INEN 1108 (2011): Agua Potable y la Norma Requisitos 742/2013, Criterios técnico-sanitarios de las piscinas, España. Las muestras fueron tomadas antes de la apertura, luego del cierre, al momento de mayor afluencia de bañistas y después del mantenimiento de estos establecimientos, se determinó los parámetros fisicoquímicos olor, color, turbiedad, conductividad, pH, cloro combinado residual, cloro libre residual y temperatura, y los bacteriológicos por el método del Número más probable para Coliformes totales e identificación bacteriana por métodos convencionales. Se obtuvo valores que exceden los límites permisibles en color (99,66 UPt-Co), turbiedad (13,63 UNT), cloro libre residual (0,8056 mg/mL), Coliformes totales (42,80 NMP/100 mL) y Pseudomonas aeruginosas (0,75 NMP/100mL). Los valores obtenidos son inferiores en comparación con otros estudios realizados a nivel de piscinas públicas y privadas. Como conclusión obtuvimos que la calidad del agua de los parques acuáticos de estudio no la deseada, indicando la existencia de contaminación bacteriana y alteración de los parámetros fisicoquímicos debido a la baja calidad de limpieza.
The main objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical and bacteriological water quality of the 4 water parks located in the South and South - West of the city of Guayaquil by comparing with the parameters set the norm NTE INEN 1108 (2011): drinking water and standard requirements 742/2013, technical-sanitary criteria of the pools, Spain. Samples were taken before the opening, after the close, when the greater influx of bathers and after the maintenance of these establishments, was determined physicochemical parameters smell, color, turbidity, conductivity, pH, combined chlorine residual, residual free chlorine and temperature, and the bacteriological method of the most probable number for total coliforms and bacterial identification by conventional methods. Values that exceed the allowable limits in color (99,66 UPt-Co), turbidity (13.63 UNT), were obtained free residual chlorine (0,8056 mg/mL), Total coliforms (42,80 MPN/100 mL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosas (0.75 MPN / 100mL). The values obtained are lower in comparison with other studies carried out at the level of public and private pools. As a conclusion we obtained that the quality of the water of the water parks of the unwanted study, indicating the existence of bacterial contamination and alteration of physicochemical parameters due to the low quality of cleaning.
The main objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical and bacteriological water quality of the 4 water parks located in the South and South - West of the city of Guayaquil by comparing with the parameters set the norm NTE INEN 1108 (2011): drinking water and standard requirements 742/2013, technical-sanitary criteria of the pools, Spain. Samples were taken before the opening, after the close, when the greater influx of bathers and after the maintenance of these establishments, was determined physicochemical parameters smell, color, turbidity, conductivity, pH, combined chlorine residual, residual free chlorine and temperature, and the bacteriological method of the most probable number for total coliforms and bacterial identification by conventional methods. Values that exceed the allowable limits in color (99,66 UPt-Co), turbidity (13.63 UNT), were obtained free residual chlorine (0,8056 mg/mL), Total coliforms (42,80 MPN/100 mL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosas (0.75 MPN / 100mL). The values obtained are lower in comparison with other studies carried out at the level of public and private pools. As a conclusion we obtained that the quality of the water of the water parks of the unwanted study, indicating the existence of bacterial contamination and alteration of physicochemical parameters due to the low quality of cleaning.
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PARQUES ACUÁTICOS, CALIDAD DEL AGUA, PARÁMETROS FISICOQUÍMICOS Y BACTERIOLÓGICOS