Principales factores que inciden en la deserción de estudiantes de la carrera de ingeniería comercial de la Universidad de Guayaquil durante el período 2011- 2015
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
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La deserción se ha convertido en uno de los fenómenos clásicos que más perjudica al sistema educativo en el Ecuador como en América Latina. En la Universidad de Guayaquil existen reportes de deserción de las carreras que ofertan entre las cuales se encuentra la carrera Ingeniería Comercial con un índice del 36.63% en el periodo 2011-2013 y de 42.95% en el periodo 2013-2015, porcentajes que respaldan la realización de este proyecto de investigación, cuyo propósito se basa en determinar los principales factores incidentes en la deserción de los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería Comercial durante el período 2011–2015, para posteriormente proponer estrategias que permitirán dar solución al fenómeno de la deserción. Para un mejor conocimiento sobre el tema se consideró algunos estudios realizados en entidades educativas de educación superior como también teorías expuestas por profesionales en la educación, entre las que se destaca las teorías de: Fishbein y Ajzen, Teoría de Ethington, Teoría de Durkheim. Se aplicó una metodología de enfoque cualitativo haciendo uso de la entrevista estructurada que fue realizada a 10 personas que abandonaron sus estudios durante el período mencionado y a una autoridad de alta jerarquía de la institución. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que los principales factores de deserción fueron: factores personales, factores académicos y en último lugar los factores socioeconómicos. Finalmente la investigación concluye con el planteamiento de estrategias y recomendaciones que permitirán disminuir el índice de deserción en la Carrera Ingeniería Comercial de la Universidad de Guayaquil.
Desertion has become one of the classic phenomena that most affects the educational system in Ecuador as in Latin America. At the University of Guayaquil, there are reports of dropping out of the careers offered, among which is the Commercial Engineering career with a rate of 36.63% in the period 2011-2013 and of 42.95% in the period 2013-2015, percentages that support the purpose of this research project whose objective is to determine the main factors involved in the dropout of students in the Commercial Engineering career at the University of Guayaquil during the period 2011-2015, and then to propose strategies that will allow a solution to be Phenomenon of desertion. For a better knowledge on the subject we considered some studies carried out in educational institutions of higher education as well as theories exposed by professionals in education, among which are: The theory of Fishbein and Ajzen, Ethington's Theory, Durkheim's Theory. A methodology of qualitative approach was applied using the structured interview that was carried out to 10 people who left their studies during the mentioned period and to a high authority of the institution. The results showed that the main factors of desertion were: personal factors, academic factors and, lastly, socioeconomic factors. Finally, the research concludes with the proposal of strategies and recommendations that will reduce the student's dropout rate in the Commercial Engineering Career of the University of Guayaquil.
Desertion has become one of the classic phenomena that most affects the educational system in Ecuador as in Latin America. At the University of Guayaquil, there are reports of dropping out of the careers offered, among which is the Commercial Engineering career with a rate of 36.63% in the period 2011-2013 and of 42.95% in the period 2013-2015, percentages that support the purpose of this research project whose objective is to determine the main factors involved in the dropout of students in the Commercial Engineering career at the University of Guayaquil during the period 2011-2015, and then to propose strategies that will allow a solution to be Phenomenon of desertion. For a better knowledge on the subject we considered some studies carried out in educational institutions of higher education as well as theories exposed by professionals in education, among which are: The theory of Fishbein and Ajzen, Ethington's Theory, Durkheim's Theory. A methodology of qualitative approach was applied using the structured interview that was carried out to 10 people who left their studies during the mentioned period and to a high authority of the institution. The results showed that the main factors of desertion were: personal factors, academic factors and, lastly, socioeconomic factors. Finally, the research concludes with the proposal of strategies and recommendations that will reduce the student's dropout rate in the Commercial Engineering Career of the University of Guayaquil.
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DESERCIÓN, FACTORES DE DESERCIÓN ESTUDIANTIL, SISTEMA EDUCATIVO