Preeclampsia en pacientes adolescentes embarazadas en la Maternidad Mariana de Jesús, durante el período 2014
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2016
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Mundialmente se estima que las mujeres desarrollen preeclampsia en un 4,6% en los
embarazos, la variación de esta prevalencia difiere de los múltiples factores de riesgo
que la modifiquen como la edad materna primigesta, entre ellos.
Este estudio fue realizado en mujeres embarazadas en edad adolescente que ingresaron
con diagnóstico de preeclampsia a la maternidad Mariana de Jesús durante el año 2014.
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las principales características de la preeclampsia
en una muestra de 100 gestantes de 12 a 17 años.
Los resultados dieron a conocer como principales factores de riesgo, los antecedentes
personales y familiares de preeclampsia, enfermedades crónicas como hipertensión
arterial y diabetes mellitus, obesidad y que las pacientes eran primigestas en su mayoría.
Entre las complicaciones fetales neonatales se observó bajo pesso y talla al nacer,
depresión neonatal y distres respiratorio, y entre las complicaciones maternas
hemorragia puerperal, infección puerperal, síndrome de HELLP, y desprendimiento
prematuro de membrana.
Un 39% de neonatos fueron prematuros, mientras que el 61% restante llegaron a
término.
Se realizaron 26 partos por vía vaginal, y 74 por cesárea.
El grado presentado de preeclampsia fue leve en 31 pacientes, y severa en 69%.
Respecto al perfil de las pacientes se observó una mayor frecuencia de nivel académico
secundario, residencia urbana, y la mayoría de ellas se realizaron menos de 5 controles
prenatales, lo cual fue considerado como deficiente.
Globally it is estimated that women develop preeclampsia by 4.6% in pregnancies, the variation of this prevalence differs from the multiple risk factors that modify primigesta as maternal age, among them. This study was conducted in pregnant women in adolescent age admitted with diagnosis of preeclampsia to maternity Mariana Jesus during 2014. The aim of this study was to analyze the main features of preeclampsia in a sample of 100 pregnant women aged 12 to 17 years. The results were announced as major risk factors, personal and family history of preeclampsia, chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, obesity and that patients were mostly primigestas. Among the neonatal fetal complications it was observed under pesso and size at birth, neonatal depression and respiratory distress, and maternal complications among postpartum haemorrhage, puerperal infection, HELLP syndrome, and premature separation membrane. 39% of infants were premature, while the remaining 61% were concluded. 26 births were performed vaginally, and 74 by cesarean section. The degree of preeclampsia presented was mild in 31 patients, and severe in 69%. Regarding profile of patients at a higher frequency of secondary academic level, urban residence, and most of them were made less than 5 prenatal checkups, which was considered deficient observed.
Globally it is estimated that women develop preeclampsia by 4.6% in pregnancies, the variation of this prevalence differs from the multiple risk factors that modify primigesta as maternal age, among them. This study was conducted in pregnant women in adolescent age admitted with diagnosis of preeclampsia to maternity Mariana Jesus during 2014. The aim of this study was to analyze the main features of preeclampsia in a sample of 100 pregnant women aged 12 to 17 years. The results were announced as major risk factors, personal and family history of preeclampsia, chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, obesity and that patients were mostly primigestas. Among the neonatal fetal complications it was observed under pesso and size at birth, neonatal depression and respiratory distress, and maternal complications among postpartum haemorrhage, puerperal infection, HELLP syndrome, and premature separation membrane. 39% of infants were premature, while the remaining 61% were concluded. 26 births were performed vaginally, and 74 by cesarean section. The degree of preeclampsia presented was mild in 31 patients, and severe in 69%. Regarding profile of patients at a higher frequency of secondary academic level, urban residence, and most of them were made less than 5 prenatal checkups, which was considered deficient observed.
Descripción
Palabras clave
EMBARAZO EN ADOLESCENCIA, PREECLAMPSIA, HOSPITAL ESPECIALIZADO MARIANA DE JESÚS, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR