Riesgos ergonómicos por manipulación manual de cargas y posturas forzadas, en el taller de mantenimiento mecánico automotriz del Gobierno Provincial de Manabí.
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Fecha
2015-11-18
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
El presente trabajo de Tesis permite establecer acciones preventivas para evitar lesiones y afectaciones en la salud de los trabajadores que laboran en el taller de mantenimiento automotriz del GAD Provincial de Manabí, a causa de la manipulación manual de cargas y posturas forzadas. En la identificación inicial de riesgos se aplicó la matriz 3X3 propuesta por Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene del Trabajo (INSHT) de España, permitiendo determinar riesgos con niveles importantes e intolerables relativos a la manipulación manual de cargas y posturas forzadas en tres puestos de trabajo, posteriormente se aplicó el método para la evaluación y prevención de riesgos relativos a la manipulación manual de cargas de la guía técnica de (INSHT) y el método OWAS para la evaluación de riegos provenientes a posturas forzadas. Se determinó que el 100% de los puestos evaluados presentan riesgos no tolerables asociados a la manipulación manual de cargas, así como el 100 % de puestos evaluados presentan riesgos relativos a posturas forzadas que requieren ser corregidos inmediatamente, en efecto se establecieron acciones correctivas para control de los riesgos evaluados en el origen del mismo, así como medidas administrativas con temática específica para la formación de los trabajadores involucrados.
The ´purpose of the present work is to take preventive actions in order to reduce risks that can cause injuries or illness to the workers in the workplace of the automotive maintenance workshop at the “GAD Provincial de Manabí” due to the manual handling of loads and awkward postures. A 3 by 3 matrix was applied for the initial identification of risks, which is proposed by the National Institute for Safety and Health at Work of Spain (INSHT), conducting to identify significant and intolerable risk levels as a result of the manual handling of loads and forced postures performed by the workers in three workplaces. The next step is the application of the method for the assessment and prevention of risks according to the technical guidance for manual handling (INSHT) and the OWAS method for risk assessment from inadequate postures. The conclusion was that 100% of those assessed places presented not tolerable risks associated with manual lifting, and the 100% of workstations presented risks related to awkward postures that needed to be corrected immediately. Corrective actions were taken in order to monitor the risks evaluated in the workplaces, and administrative measures were also taken for the training and education programs of workers involved.
The ´purpose of the present work is to take preventive actions in order to reduce risks that can cause injuries or illness to the workers in the workplace of the automotive maintenance workshop at the “GAD Provincial de Manabí” due to the manual handling of loads and awkward postures. A 3 by 3 matrix was applied for the initial identification of risks, which is proposed by the National Institute for Safety and Health at Work of Spain (INSHT), conducting to identify significant and intolerable risk levels as a result of the manual handling of loads and forced postures performed by the workers in three workplaces. The next step is the application of the method for the assessment and prevention of risks according to the technical guidance for manual handling (INSHT) and the OWAS method for risk assessment from inadequate postures. The conclusion was that 100% of those assessed places presented not tolerable risks associated with manual lifting, and the 100% of workstations presented risks related to awkward postures that needed to be corrected immediately. Corrective actions were taken in order to monitor the risks evaluated in the workplaces, and administrative measures were also taken for the training and education programs of workers involved.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, POSTURAS FORZADAS, LESIONES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS, LEVANTAMIENTO DE CARGA