Propuesta de un programa de seguridad basado en el comportamiento para la Empresa de Servicios Comunitarios.
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2016-01-14
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
Este trabajo fue realizado en una empresa de servicios comunitarios que desarrolla sus actividades en las ciudades de Quito y Guayaquil, para establecer la factibilidad de implementar un programa de seguridad basado en las conductas que reduzca la incidencia de accidentes laborales y la aparición de enfermedades profesionales, y que tiene como característica principal el desarrollar actividades en ambientes abiertos, con un flujo de usuarios muy alto, donde es necesario la toma de decisiones continuamente para la ejecución de tareas y prestación del servicio. Se utilizó la información disponible en la empresa, registros de accidentabilidad, registros e indicadores de gestión, programas implementados, el análisis de los accidentes y sus causas utilizando árbol de fallos, Diagrama Ishikawa y Diagrama de Pareto, se determinó la relación entre las conductas, manifestadas por los actos inseguros, y la ocurrencia de accidentes, se verifico que cumple con los requisitos para poder implementarlo, esto es, que se pueda desarrollar las actividades en condiciones razonablemente segura, que el personal tenga un sistema de comunicación que le permita saber hacer las cosas con seguridad, que no existan actualmente conflictos personales, y que exista el compromiso directivo, se elaboró la lista de conductas claves para la seguridad y la guías para realizar las observaciones, así como la metodología para monitorear los avances. Se recomienda aprovechar los espacios de capacitación y participación que dispone el personal para profundizar en sus beneficios. El análisis de costo-beneficio determina que es posible desarrollar la propuesta e incluirla en los demás programas del sistema de gestión.
This work was conducted in a community service company that carries out its activities in the cities of Quito and Guayaquil, to establish the feasibility of implementing a safety program based on behaviors in order to reduce the incidence of workplace accidents and occupational diseases with the fundamental characteristic of developing activities in open environments with high flow of users, where it’s necessary to take decisions continuously for tasks implementation and service provision. Information available in the company, accident records, registers and management indicators, implemented programs, analysis of accidents and their causes using fault tree, and also Ishikawa and Pareto Diagrams were used. The relationship between behaviors, expressed by unsafe acts, and the occurrence of accidents, was determined. The safety program complies with the requirements to be implemented, that is, activities can be developed in reasonably safe conditions, that staff have a communication system that allow them to know how to do things safely, to avoid personal conflicts and that the management will be also committed. The list of key behaviors for safety and guidelines to carry out observations, and the methodology for monitoring progress as well were prepared. It is recommended taking advantage of the training and participation spaces available to the staff to deepen in its benefits. The cost-benefit analysis determines that it is possible to develop the proposal and include it in other programs of the management system.
This work was conducted in a community service company that carries out its activities in the cities of Quito and Guayaquil, to establish the feasibility of implementing a safety program based on behaviors in order to reduce the incidence of workplace accidents and occupational diseases with the fundamental characteristic of developing activities in open environments with high flow of users, where it’s necessary to take decisions continuously for tasks implementation and service provision. Information available in the company, accident records, registers and management indicators, implemented programs, analysis of accidents and their causes using fault tree, and also Ishikawa and Pareto Diagrams were used. The relationship between behaviors, expressed by unsafe acts, and the occurrence of accidents, was determined. The safety program complies with the requirements to be implemented, that is, activities can be developed in reasonably safe conditions, that staff have a communication system that allow them to know how to do things safely, to avoid personal conflicts and that the management will be also committed. The list of key behaviors for safety and guidelines to carry out observations, and the methodology for monitoring progress as well were prepared. It is recommended taking advantage of the training and participation spaces available to the staff to deepen in its benefits. The cost-benefit analysis determines that it is possible to develop the proposal and include it in other programs of the management system.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, SERVICIO COMUNITARIO, REDUCCIÓN DE INCIDENCIAS DE ACCIDENTES, OBSERVACIÓN Y PARTICIPACIÓN