Propuesta de vigilancia de salud para la prevención de lumbalgia en estibadores: Caso de estudio en la Empresa: Alimentos S.A. - Centro de distribución de Durán.
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2016-06-16
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal proponer un programa de Vigilancia de Salud en el cual se establezcan las medidas necesarias para prevenir la aparición de síntomas de patologías lumbares en estibadores, como en el presente caso de la Empresa: Alimentos S.A. - CD Durán, para el efecto se aplicó la metodología deductiva, descriptiva, cualitativa y cuantitativa, con uso de la Matriz de Riesgos, el método de FINE y el cuestionario ERGOPAR, además de los diagramas de Pareto y de Ishikawa, cuyos resultados evidenciaron que los factores predisponentes específicos que desencadenaron las lumbalgias en los estibadores, fueron el trabajo diario de más de 8 horas, donde se levantaron cargas mayores de 25 Kg. de peso por más de cinco años consecutivos, que fue el principal factor desencadenante del dolor lumbar en los trabajadores de la empresa, evaluándose además la repercusión laboral que supuso esta problemática para la organización, que se observó en 32 días de ausentismo en 17 trabajadores que presentaron algunos síntomas de lumbalgia, verificándose que ni la edad ni el género fueron factores asociados al desencadenamiento de la lumbalgia porque se tratan de personas jóvenes del sexo masculino; la propuesta se basó en la elaboración de un plan de capacitación para concientizar al personal de estibadores, el cual se fundamentó en la implementación de las pausas activas y de la reorganización del puesto, con un programa de Vigilancia de Salud en el cual se establecieron medidas necesarias para prevenir la aparición de síntomas de patologías lumbares en estibadores, el cual constó de radiográficas y diagnósticos provenientes de monitoreos periódicos para beneficios de los estibadores.
This research had as main objective to propose a program of Health Surveillance in which the necessary measures are in place to prevent the onset of symptoms of lumbar pathologies stevedores, as in the case of the Company: Alimentos S.A. - CD Duran, for the effect deductive, descriptive, qualitative and quantitative methodology method FINE and ERGOPAR questionnaire, plus Pareto charts and Ishikawa, the results showed was applied with use of the Risk Matrix, that specific predisposing factors triggered low back pain in the dockers were the daily work of more than 8 hours, where higher loads of 25 kg rose. weight for more than five consecutive years, which was the main trigger of back pain in workers of the company also evaluating the employment impact which led to this problem for the organization, which was observed in 32 days off 17 workers who had some symptoms of back pain, verifying that neither age nor gender were factors associated with the onset of low back pain because They treat young male persons; The proposal was based on the development of a training program to sensitize staff stevedores, which was based on the implementation of active breaks and the reorganization of the post, with a program of Health Surveillance in which measures were established necessary to prevent the onset of symptoms of lumbar pathologies stevedores, which consisted of radiographic and diagnostics from periodic monitoring for the benefit of stevedores.
This research had as main objective to propose a program of Health Surveillance in which the necessary measures are in place to prevent the onset of symptoms of lumbar pathologies stevedores, as in the case of the Company: Alimentos S.A. - CD Duran, for the effect deductive, descriptive, qualitative and quantitative methodology method FINE and ERGOPAR questionnaire, plus Pareto charts and Ishikawa, the results showed was applied with use of the Risk Matrix, that specific predisposing factors triggered low back pain in the dockers were the daily work of more than 8 hours, where higher loads of 25 kg rose. weight for more than five consecutive years, which was the main trigger of back pain in workers of the company also evaluating the employment impact which led to this problem for the organization, which was observed in 32 days off 17 workers who had some symptoms of back pain, verifying that neither age nor gender were factors associated with the onset of low back pain because They treat young male persons; The proposal was based on the development of a training program to sensitize staff stevedores, which was based on the implementation of active breaks and the reorganization of the post, with a program of Health Surveillance in which measures were established necessary to prevent the onset of symptoms of lumbar pathologies stevedores, which consisted of radiographic and diagnostics from periodic monitoring for the benefit of stevedores.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, PREVENCIÓN DE LUMBALGIA, PROPUESTA DE VIGILANCIA DE SALUD, ESTIBADORES