Desarrollo de un programa de gimnasia laboral para los trabajadores del Proyecto Trasvase Daule - Vinces.
Fecha
2016-11-16
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
En la actualidad en el ambiente laboral, la alta competitividad empresarial acarrea una continua exigencia en la productividad de los trabajadores, largas horas de labor en las tareas encomendadas, posturas forzadas e incómodas, movimientos repetitivos y excesivas cargas físicas, sin las debidas pausas de compensación o descanso dan como resultado un aumento en la incidencia de trastornos músculo – esqueléticos en la fuerza laboral a nivel mundial. Es por esto que el objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar un Programa de Gimnasia Laboral, el cual contribuiría al mejoramiento del Sistema de Gestión de Salud en el Trabajo del Proyecto Trasvase Daule Vinces, así como a disminuir la incidencia de trastornos músculo – esqueléticos en sus trabajadores. Se aplicaron como herramientas metodológicas en el presente estudio el Cuestionario Nórdico de Kourinka, pre y post desarrollo del programa de Gimnasia Laboral, así como también se analizaron los reportes de las evaluaciones ergonómicas ya realizadas con los métodos REBA y RULA en el segundo semestre del año 2014 a los trabajadores del mencionado proyecto. Los resultados de esta investigación evidenciaron una vez implantado el programa de Gimnasia Laboral, durante un periodo de 3 meses, una disminución considerable en los índices por dolencias músculo – esqueléticas de un 31% a un 13%. Se concluye entonces que la aplicación del programa de Gimnasia Laboral o Pausas Activas contribuyó a una mejor calidad de vida y productividad en los trabajadores del Proyecto Trasvase Daule Vinces.
At present in the labor environment, high business competitiveness leads a continuous demand on the productivity of workers, long hours of work on the assigned tasks, forced and awkward postures, repetitive movements and excessive physical loads, without proper breaks compensation or break resulting in an increased incidence of muscle - skeletal labor force worldwide. That is why the objective of this research was to develop a program of Labor Gymnastics, which will contribute to improving the Health Management System in the work of the Project Daule Vinces and so to reduce the incidence of muscle- skeletal disorders in their workers. Methodological tools were applied in this study as the Nordic Questionnaire Kourinka, pre and post program development of the Labor Gymnastics, as well as reports of ergonomic evaluations already made with the REBA and RULA, methods in the second half of the year were also analyzed 2014 workers in the aforementioned project. The results of this research showed once Labor Gymnastics program were implemented over a period of three months, a significant decrease in rates for ailments muscle - skeletal from 31% to 13%. It is concluded that the application program or Active Labor Gymnastics Pauses contributed to a better quality of life and productivity of Project Trasvase Daule Vinces workers.
At present in the labor environment, high business competitiveness leads a continuous demand on the productivity of workers, long hours of work on the assigned tasks, forced and awkward postures, repetitive movements and excessive physical loads, without proper breaks compensation or break resulting in an increased incidence of muscle - skeletal labor force worldwide. That is why the objective of this research was to develop a program of Labor Gymnastics, which will contribute to improving the Health Management System in the work of the Project Daule Vinces and so to reduce the incidence of muscle- skeletal disorders in their workers. Methodological tools were applied in this study as the Nordic Questionnaire Kourinka, pre and post program development of the Labor Gymnastics, as well as reports of ergonomic evaluations already made with the REBA and RULA, methods in the second half of the year were also analyzed 2014 workers in the aforementioned project. The results of this research showed once Labor Gymnastics program were implemented over a period of three months, a significant decrease in rates for ailments muscle - skeletal from 31% to 13%. It is concluded that the application program or Active Labor Gymnastics Pauses contributed to a better quality of life and productivity of Project Trasvase Daule Vinces workers.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, PROGRAMA DE GIMNASIA LABORAL, TRABAJADORES, PROYECTO TRASVASE