Lesiones dérmicas en trabajadores de limpieza. Determinación de agentes de riesgo.
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Fecha
2016-11-16
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
Los padecimientos de la piel son una de las causas más frecuentes de enfermedad profesional. Sin embargo, hay mucho desconocimiento sobre medidas preventivas, sobre todo en trabajadores que están expuestos directamente a productos químicos que actúan como agresores, provocando alteraciones dérmicas. El razonamiento ocupacional debe estar basado en el conocimiento del sitio del trabajo del paciente, que sustancias manipula, cuantas horas diarias labora, sirviéndonos esto como guía para corroborar el diagnóstico. Esta investigación busca la determinación de agentes de riesgo para disminuir los casos de dermatosis en los trabajadores de limpieza en la empresa de Telecomunicaciones localizada en la ciudad de Guayaquil. Es un estudio de enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo del fenómeno de las dermatosis a una población de 245 empleados, según criterios de inclusión fueron seleccionados una muestra significativa de 150 personas, distribuidos en 12 administradores, 132 trabajadores en general y 6 colaboradores del área de limpieza. Los resultados determinaron que el 67% de los empleados dedicados al aseo presentan historial clínico de sensibilidad dérmica. Se concluye que si la empresa logra controlar los factores de riesgo relacionados con el uso de productos químicos de limpieza disminuiría el número de casos de dermatosis. De allí que se hace imprescindible que los administradores utilicen un manual de orientación para el uso adecuado de productos químicos de limpieza, solución que propone el presente análisis y que beneficiaría a empresa investigada.
Skin health damages are one of the most frequent causes of occupational diseases. However, there is lack of knowledge about precautionary measures, especially on workers who are directly exposed to chemicals that act as aggressors, and therefore cause skin illness. Occupational oversight must be based on knowledge of the condition of the work site, the chemical substances handled by the worker and daily work schedules; this valuable information will serve us as a guide for medical diagnosis. This investigation seeks to identify risk factors in order to reduce cases of dermatoses in janitors that work in a telecommunications company located in the city of Guayaquil. It is a qualitative and quantitative approach research, descriptive about the presence of dermatoses in a population of 245 employees. According to inclusion criteria, recruiting a total of 150 workers; 12 managers, 132 general services workers and 6 from the areas of maintenance and cleaning. The results showed that 67% of employees dedicated to cleaning tasks keep track of skin sensitivity. It is concluded therefore that if the company manages to control risk factors associated with the use of chemicals products, the number of dermatoses cases will decrease. It is imperative the application of a guidance manual for correct use of cleaning chemical products, solution proposed by the present analysis.
Skin health damages are one of the most frequent causes of occupational diseases. However, there is lack of knowledge about precautionary measures, especially on workers who are directly exposed to chemicals that act as aggressors, and therefore cause skin illness. Occupational oversight must be based on knowledge of the condition of the work site, the chemical substances handled by the worker and daily work schedules; this valuable information will serve us as a guide for medical diagnosis. This investigation seeks to identify risk factors in order to reduce cases of dermatoses in janitors that work in a telecommunications company located in the city of Guayaquil. It is a qualitative and quantitative approach research, descriptive about the presence of dermatoses in a population of 245 employees. According to inclusion criteria, recruiting a total of 150 workers; 12 managers, 132 general services workers and 6 from the areas of maintenance and cleaning. The results showed that 67% of employees dedicated to cleaning tasks keep track of skin sensitivity. It is concluded therefore that if the company manages to control risk factors associated with the use of chemicals products, the number of dermatoses cases will decrease. It is imperative the application of a guidance manual for correct use of cleaning chemical products, solution proposed by the present analysis.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, PROBLEMAS EN LA PIEL, DERMATOSIS, PODUCTOS QUÍMICOS DE LIMPIEZA