Factores de riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca en pacientes con hipertensión arterial en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil período 2014-2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
RESUMEN.
Esta investigación se realizó en el hospital universitario durante el periodo 2014 -2015, en la cual se hizo uso de datos obtenidos a partir de las historias clínicas. La importancia de este trabajo fue dar a conocer la influencia de cada uno de los factores de riesgos en pacientes hipertensos que predisponen a la aparición de insuficiencia cardiaca. Con la finalidad de reconocer precozmente dichos factores en los pacientes, permitiéndonos iniciar un tratamiento a tiempo, evitando la progresión de la hipertensión a la insuficiencia cardiaca, retardar el avance de la insuficiencia cardiaca en aquellos que ya la presentan y disminuir así las tasas de morbi-mortalidad.
De este estudio nos queda como conclusión que la mayoría de los pacientes no tienen una cultura de prevención por medio de chequeos de rutina o médicos de cabecera, razón por la cual es evidente, el gran número de pacientes que acuden a consulta con insuficiencia cardiaca secundaria a una hipertensión mal controlada o no controlada.
Posterior a la tabulación de datos podemos concluir, que al establecer rangos según grupos etarios, hay una población entre 40 y 65 años con insuficiencia cardiaca, equivalente al 52 %, que supera en número a la población mayor de 65 años que fue del 42 %. De la cual el 64 % fueron mujeres y el 32 % fueron hombres. Por lo que podemos determinar que se cumple en parte los planteamientos de estudios anteriores en donde según el sexo son las mujeres las más afectadas. Pero no el indicativo etario en la que se menciona con mayor frecuencia, pacientes mayores de 65 años con insuficiencia cardiaca, ya que según los datos obtenidos, es el rango etario de 40 a 65 quien presento una mayor incidencia de insuficiencia cardiaca.
Palabras claves: hipertenso, mayor de 65 años, mujeres, raza, obesos y diabéticos.
This research was conducted at the university hospital during the period 2014 -2015, in which use was made of data obtained from medical records. The importance of this work was to show the influence of each of the risk factors in hypertensive patients predispose to heart failure. In order to early recognize these factors in patients, allowing us to initiate timely treatment, preventing the progression of hypertension to heart failure, slow the progression of heart failure in those who already have and thus reduce rates of morbidity -mortality. In this study we have the conclusion that most patients do not have a culture of prevention through routine checkups or doctors, why the large number of patients who come to consult with heart failure secondary to is evident poorly controlled or uncontrolled hypertension After the tabulation of data we can conclude that the set ranges according to age groups there is a population between 40 and 65 with heart failure, equal to 52%, which outnumbers the population over 65 years was 42%. Of which 64% were women and 32% were men. From what we can determine that the approaches of previous studies by gender where women are the most affected is met in part. Indicative but not the age in which most frequently mentioned patients over 65 with heart failure, since according to the data obtained, it is the age range of 40-65 who had a higher incidence of heart failure. Keywords: hypertension, over 65, women, race, obese and diabetic.
This research was conducted at the university hospital during the period 2014 -2015, in which use was made of data obtained from medical records. The importance of this work was to show the influence of each of the risk factors in hypertensive patients predispose to heart failure. In order to early recognize these factors in patients, allowing us to initiate timely treatment, preventing the progression of hypertension to heart failure, slow the progression of heart failure in those who already have and thus reduce rates of morbidity -mortality. In this study we have the conclusion that most patients do not have a culture of prevention through routine checkups or doctors, why the large number of patients who come to consult with heart failure secondary to is evident poorly controlled or uncontrolled hypertension After the tabulation of data we can conclude that the set ranges according to age groups there is a population between 40 and 65 with heart failure, equal to 52%, which outnumbers the population over 65 years was 42%. Of which 64% were women and 32% were men. From what we can determine that the approaches of previous studies by gender where women are the most affected is met in part. Indicative but not the age in which most frequently mentioned patients over 65 with heart failure, since according to the data obtained, it is the age range of 40-65 who had a higher incidence of heart failure. Keywords: hypertension, over 65, women, race, obese and diabetic.
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INSUFICIENCIA CARDIACA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, HIPERTENSION, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR