Diseño de un plan de manejo para la sostenibilidad y sustentabilidad del sistema provincial de áreas de conservación del Guayas
Fecha
2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La presente investigación se elaboró, a fin de poder diseñar el contenido estructural de un plan de manejo para cada una de las cinco categorías de manejo del Sistema Provincial de Áreas de Conservación (SPAC) del Guayas, basado en la compilación y análisis de información secundaria.
De un total de 27 encuestas a especialistas locales entendidos en la materia, cada una de las cuales, contenía un total 10 preguntas de selección múltiple. Los especialistas tuvieron la oportunidad de escoger en base su criterio técnico, la respuestas más idóneas de un global 290 alternativas posibles (56 Refugio Provincial de Biodiversidad [RPB], 60 Reserva Provincial de Fuentes Hídricas [RPFH], 61 Monumento Provincial Natural Y Cultural [MPNC], 56 Área Provincial Natural y Recreación [APNR] y 57 Área Provincial de Productividad y Conservación [APPC]), para obtener insumos sobre la estructura de las diferentes categorías de los planes de manejo para el SPAC del Guayas. De esta forma, con la información obtenida se diseñen los contenidos mínimos requeridos durante el proceso de los planes de manejo en cada una de las cinco categorías del SPAC del Guayas.
Cabe destacar que, dichas encuestas se analizaron para cada una de las categorías de manejo del SPAC Guayas, en base a las necesidades requeridas por la dinámica de conservación de la provincia del Guayas y además, se aplicó el método estadístico descriptivo básico denominado análisis de las Frecuencias Relativas (%) a la prioridad en el diseño de las encuestas realizadas, así como también, se tomó en consideración, el error típico con un intervalo de confianza del 95%.
Además se realizó, un reclasificación mediante la selección y/o agrupación de nueve clases, aplicando el Análisis Clúster Bray-Curtis de manera que, podamos obtener la Similaridad o Afinidad entre categorías del SPAC-Guayas, es decir, se analizaron tópicos comunes entre sí, tales como:1) criterios de zonificación, 2) selección de objetos de conservación, 3) acciones de manejo, 5) programas de manejo, 6) Sostenibilidad Financiera, entre otros temas.
Para la realización del análisis estadístico, se recurrió a la utilización del Software Biodiversity Pro 2.0, permitiendo cuantificar la similitud de composición entre las categorías del SPAC-Guayas y poder ver sus similitudes; obteniéndose los siguientes resultados: 1) Similaridad entre RPB y RPFH es de 94,83%, 2) Similaridad entre APNR y APPC es de 92,03%, 3) Similaridad entre RPB y APNR es de 84,48% y 4) Similaridad entre RPB y MPNC es de 83,76%.
Finalmente, se desarrolló y se definió el esquema maestro aplicable para cada una de las categorías de manejo y además se demostró cuáles son los lineamientos mínimos indispensables de los planes de manejo del SPAC-Guayas.
This research was developed, in order to design the structural content of a management plan for each of the five categories of management Provincial System of Conservation Areas (SPAC) of Guayas, based on the collection and analysis of secondary information. Out of a total of 27 surveys of local specialists, each of which contained a total of 10 multiple-choice questions. Specialists had the opportunity to choose on the basis of technical criteria, the most appropriate responses of a global 290 possible alternatives (56 Refuge Provincial Biodiversity [RPB], 60 Provincial Hydric Reserve Sources [RPFH], 61 Provincial Natural and Cultural Monument [MPNC], 56 Natural Provincial Recreation Area [PDNR], and 57 Provincial Productivity and Conservation Area [APPC]) to obtain input on the structure of the different categories management plans for the SPAC of Guayas. Thus, with the information from the minimum contents required during the process of management plans in each of the five categories of SPAC Guayas designed. Notably, these surveys were analyzed for each of the categories of management SPAC Guayas, based on the needs required by the dynamics of conservation in the province of Guayas and also the basic descriptive statistical method was applied called analysis Relative frequencies (%) a priority in the design of surveys, as well, was taken into consideration, the standard error with a confidence interval of 95%. In addition performed a reclassification by selecting and / or group of nine classes, using cluster analysis Bray-Curtis so that we can get the similarity or affinity between categories of SPAC-Guayas, ie common topics were analyzed together such as: 1) zoning criteria, 2) selection of targets, 3) management actions 5) management programs, 6) Financial Sustainability, among other topics. To carry out the statistical analysis, it resorted to the use of Biodiversity Pro 2.0 Software enabling quantify the similarity of composition between categories of SPAC-Guayas and to see their similarities; obtaining the following results: 1) similarity between RPB and RPFH is 94.83%, 2) Similarity between PDNR and APPC is 92.03%, three) RPB and PDNR similarity between 84.48% and is 4) Similarity between RPB and MPNC is 83.76%. Finally, developed and applicable to each teacher and management categories also showed what the indispensable minimum guidelines for management plans are Guayas SPAC-defined scheme.
This research was developed, in order to design the structural content of a management plan for each of the five categories of management Provincial System of Conservation Areas (SPAC) of Guayas, based on the collection and analysis of secondary information. Out of a total of 27 surveys of local specialists, each of which contained a total of 10 multiple-choice questions. Specialists had the opportunity to choose on the basis of technical criteria, the most appropriate responses of a global 290 possible alternatives (56 Refuge Provincial Biodiversity [RPB], 60 Provincial Hydric Reserve Sources [RPFH], 61 Provincial Natural and Cultural Monument [MPNC], 56 Natural Provincial Recreation Area [PDNR], and 57 Provincial Productivity and Conservation Area [APPC]) to obtain input on the structure of the different categories management plans for the SPAC of Guayas. Thus, with the information from the minimum contents required during the process of management plans in each of the five categories of SPAC Guayas designed. Notably, these surveys were analyzed for each of the categories of management SPAC Guayas, based on the needs required by the dynamics of conservation in the province of Guayas and also the basic descriptive statistical method was applied called analysis Relative frequencies (%) a priority in the design of surveys, as well, was taken into consideration, the standard error with a confidence interval of 95%. In addition performed a reclassification by selecting and / or group of nine classes, using cluster analysis Bray-Curtis so that we can get the similarity or affinity between categories of SPAC-Guayas, ie common topics were analyzed together such as: 1) zoning criteria, 2) selection of targets, 3) management actions 5) management programs, 6) Financial Sustainability, among other topics. To carry out the statistical analysis, it resorted to the use of Biodiversity Pro 2.0 Software enabling quantify the similarity of composition between categories of SPAC-Guayas and to see their similarities; obtaining the following results: 1) similarity between RPB and RPFH is 94.83%, 2) Similarity between PDNR and APPC is 92.03%, three) RPB and PDNR similarity between 84.48% and is 4) Similarity between RPB and MPNC is 83.76%. Finally, developed and applicable to each teacher and management categories also showed what the indispensable minimum guidelines for management plans are Guayas SPAC-defined scheme.
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Palabras clave
BIODIVERSIDAD, FUENTES HIDRICAS, PRODUCTIVIDAD, CONSERVACION, PLAN DE MANEJO