Efecto de la densidad de siembra sobre el crecimiento y sobrevivencia de camarón blanco (Litopenaeus Vannamei, Perez-Farfante y Kensley, 1997)
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2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El cultivo de camarón en Ecuador representa una importante fuente de ingresos al país después del petróleo, generando innumerables fuentes de trabajo. Esta producción acuícola se centra en el cultivo de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei en todas sus etapas como maduración, larvicultura y engorde, correspondientes a más del 95%. Durante el 2016 la producción de camarón bordeó las 300,000 TM y representó más de 2,571.8 millones de dólares en exportaciones, en valor FOB. En las camaroneras, existen varios problemas para el desarrollo de esta actividad, como enfermedades, crecimiento, supervivencia, rendimiento todo relacionado directa o indirectamente con la densidad de siembra. El presente trabajo propone diferentes densidades de siembra, pretendiendo identificar la adecuada para lograr mayores niveles de crecimiento, rentabilidad y productividad. Se rechaza la hipótesis nula, aceptando la alternativa, concluyendo que la densidad es directamente proporcional al rendimiento pero inversamente proporcional al crecimiento y supervivencia. A mayor densidad obtenemos más biomasa a la cosecha, la piscina 1 se sembró a 147 290 larvas/Ha, obteniendo 3 461,1 lb/Ha, pero esto no quiere decir que sea la más rentable, debido a que su crecimiento fue lento se llegó a 20 g en 175 días, a diferencia de la piscina 36 b sembrada a 94 588 larvas/Ha con una biomasa 2623.4 Lb/Ha, con 18.7 g en 110 días; 65 días menos que la piscina 1, en consiguiente es más rentable.
Shrimp farming in Ecuador It represents an important source of income after oil, generating countless sources of work this aquaculture production focuses on shrimp farming in all its stages, in Ecuador more than 95% the aquaculture corresponds to white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. During 2016 shrimp production skirted 300.000 TM and it represented more than 2.571.8 million dollars in exports, in FOB value. In shrimp farming, there are several problems for the development of this activity such as diseases, growth, survival, performance, all related directly or indirectly with planting density. The present work proposes different planting densities, pretending to identify the appropriate to achieve higher levels of growth, profitability and productivity. From the results obtained we reject the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis, concluding that the density is directly proportional to yield but inversely proportional to the growth and survival. A higher density we get more biomass harvest, the 1 pool was seeded 147.290 larvae/ha, obtaining 3.461.1 lb/ha, but this does not mean it is the most profitable, because its growth slow was reached 20g in 175 days, unlike the 36b pool where was seeded 94.588 larvae/ha with a biomass 2623.4 Lb/ha, 18.7g in 110 days; 65 days less than the 1 pool, therefore it is more profitable.
Shrimp farming in Ecuador It represents an important source of income after oil, generating countless sources of work this aquaculture production focuses on shrimp farming in all its stages, in Ecuador more than 95% the aquaculture corresponds to white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. During 2016 shrimp production skirted 300.000 TM and it represented more than 2.571.8 million dollars in exports, in FOB value. In shrimp farming, there are several problems for the development of this activity such as diseases, growth, survival, performance, all related directly or indirectly with planting density. The present work proposes different planting densities, pretending to identify the appropriate to achieve higher levels of growth, profitability and productivity. From the results obtained we reject the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis, concluding that the density is directly proportional to yield but inversely proportional to the growth and survival. A higher density we get more biomass harvest, the 1 pool was seeded 147.290 larvae/ha, obtaining 3.461.1 lb/ha, but this does not mean it is the most profitable, because its growth slow was reached 20g in 175 days, unlike the 36b pool where was seeded 94.588 larvae/ha with a biomass 2623.4 Lb/ha, 18.7g in 110 days; 65 days less than the 1 pool, therefore it is more profitable.
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DENSIDAD, CRECIMIENTO, RENTABILIDAD, SUPERVIVENCIA