EVALUACIÓN DE LAS DIFICULTADES ESPECÍFICAS DEL APRENDIZAJE LECTOR EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DEL 2dO Y 3er GRADO DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA MINERVA
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2017-09
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El aprendizaje implica la construcción progresiva de organizaciones cognitivas, que estructuran y dinamizan las potencialidades y habilidades desarrolladas desde la iniciación o formación integral del aprendiz. El objetivo de la sistematización consistió en clarificar las experiencias y conocimientos obtenidos durante el proceso de prácticas pre-profesionales, dirigidas a los futuros practicantes de psicología. El objeto del trabajo se centró en la evaluación general y el eje consistió en una evaluación diagnóstica de las dificultades del aprendizaje lector en los estudiantes que cursan el 2o y 3o grado de la Escuela de Educación Básica Minerva en los meses junio, julio, agosto del 2017. Cuando existen dificultades en el aprendizaje se ve afectada la adquisición, el uso de las capacidades de la lectura y la compresión oral, entre otros, por ende fue necesario indagar la génesis del problema. Los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicación de instrumentos y técnicas: tests psicológicos y neuropsicológicos, en el desarrollo de las fases de evaluación, determinaron que los estudiantes tuvieron dificultades en su aprendizaje lector: reconocimiento y transformación de letras en sonidos, construcción de una representación fonológica, asignación de un valor sintáctico a cada palabra, problemas en la comprensión oral, provocadas por las alteraciones cognitivas. Finalmente las experiencias adquiridas a lo largo del proceso de prácticas contribuyeron a la formación y obtención de conocimientos que permitieron una acertada actuación profesional en los campos de acción psicológica. De allí la importancia de la evaluación para detectar a tiempo las dificultades del alumnado, y realizar intervenciones de atención y prevención
Learning implies the progressive construction of cognitive organizations, which structure and dynamize the potentials and abilities developed from the initiation or integral training of The Apprentice. The objective of the systematization consisted in clarifying the experiences and knowledge obtained during the process of preprofessional practices, directed to future practitioners of psychology. The object of the work focused on the general evaluation and the axis consisted of a diagnostic evaluation of the difficulties of the reader learning in the students who attend the 2nd and 3rd grade of the School of Basic education Minerva in the months June, July, August of 2017. When there are difficulties in learning, the acquisition, the use of the capacities of reading and oral compression are affected, among others, it was therefore necessary to investigate the genesis of the problem. The results obtained by applying instruments and techniques: psychological and neuropsychological tests, in the development of the evaluation phases, determined that the students had difficulties in their learning reader: recognition and Transformation of letters in sounds, construction of a phonological representation, allocation of a syntactic value to each word, problems in the oral comprehension, provoked by the cognitive alterations. Finally, the experiences acquired throughout the internship process contributed to the training and obtaining of knowledge that allowed a successful professional performance in the fields of psychological action. Hence the importance of the evaluation in order to detect in time the difficulties of the students, and to carry out interventions of attention and prevention
Learning implies the progressive construction of cognitive organizations, which structure and dynamize the potentials and abilities developed from the initiation or integral training of The Apprentice. The objective of the systematization consisted in clarifying the experiences and knowledge obtained during the process of preprofessional practices, directed to future practitioners of psychology. The object of the work focused on the general evaluation and the axis consisted of a diagnostic evaluation of the difficulties of the reader learning in the students who attend the 2nd and 3rd grade of the School of Basic education Minerva in the months June, July, August of 2017. When there are difficulties in learning, the acquisition, the use of the capacities of reading and oral compression are affected, among others, it was therefore necessary to investigate the genesis of the problem. The results obtained by applying instruments and techniques: psychological and neuropsychological tests, in the development of the evaluation phases, determined that the students had difficulties in their learning reader: recognition and Transformation of letters in sounds, construction of a phonological representation, allocation of a syntactic value to each word, problems in the oral comprehension, provoked by the cognitive alterations. Finally, the experiences acquired throughout the internship process contributed to the training and obtaining of knowledge that allowed a successful professional performance in the fields of psychological action. Hence the importance of the evaluation in order to detect in time the difficulties of the students, and to carry out interventions of attention and prevention
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Evaluación, Dificultades de aprendizaje, Aprendizaje lector