AFRONTAMIENTO EN MADRES DE VÍCTIMAS DE VIOLENCIA SEXUAL ATENDIDAS EN EL HOSPITAL DR. VERDI CEVALLOS BALDA, DE MANABI
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2017-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los tipos y estrategias de afrontamiento en
madres de víctimas de violencia sexual que acuden al Hospital “Dr. Verdi Cevallos
Balda”. Para alcanzarlo, se valoró la situación de violencia sexual de las víctimas; se
caracterizó socio-demográficamente a las madres participantes; se describió las
características de la situación de violencia sexual; y se comprendieron los tipos y
estrategias de afrontamiento utilizados. La metodología consideró un enfoque
investigativo cuali-cuantitativo, con diseño fenomenológico, no experimental,
transversal de alcance descriptivo, mediante técnicas como encuesta, análisis
documental, entrevista a profundidad, psicometría y análisis de contenido. Los
resultados mostraron que en la población estudiada todas las personas atendidas
presentaron sintomatología psicológica y médica que evidencia violencia sexual, que en
referencia a las madres participantes no existe un grupo etario predominante, ni auto
identificación étnica, nivel de instrucción, situación económica, o estado civil
relacionado con el afrontamiento; y que las víctimas de violencia sexual fueron en su
mayoría niñas de entre cinco y catorce años, todas las víctimas conocían al agresor, la
mayoría familiares directos que usaron la violencia para intimidar y evitar ser
denunciados. Dentro de las conclusiones, se comprendió que las estrategias de
afrontamiento más utilizados por las madres fueron la Autocrítica, la Evitación de
Problemas y la Retirada Social, relacionadas al rol “protector” maternal y la evitación
del estigma social; y que las participantes de este estudio utilizan a su vez, tipos de
afrontamiento centrado en la emoción, en la evitación y en el problema
The objective of this research was to analyze the types and confront strategies in mothers of victims of sexual violence who come to the Hospital “Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda”. To achieve it, assessed the situation of victims of sexual violence; sociodemographically characterized the participating mothers; described the characteristics of the situation of sexual violence; and understood the types and confront strategies used. The methodology was considered a quali-quantitative research approach, design phenomenological, experimental, transversal descriptive scope, using techniques like poll, documentary analysis, interview with depth, psychometrics, and analysis of content. The results showed that in the studied population, all served people had medical and psychological symptoms that evidence of sexual violence, that in reference to participating mothers there is no a group predominantly age, or auto ethnic identification, level of instruction, economic situation or marital status related to confront; and that the victims of sexual violence were mostly aged between five and 14 years, all the victims knew the offender, most relatives who used violence to intimidate and prevent being denounced. In the conclusions, it was understood that more confront strategies used by mothers were self-criticism, the avoidance of problems and Social withdrawal, related to the maternal “protective” role and the avoidance of social stigma; and that the participants in this study used at the same time, types of confront focused on emotion, in the avoidance and the problem
The objective of this research was to analyze the types and confront strategies in mothers of victims of sexual violence who come to the Hospital “Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda”. To achieve it, assessed the situation of victims of sexual violence; sociodemographically characterized the participating mothers; described the characteristics of the situation of sexual violence; and understood the types and confront strategies used. The methodology was considered a quali-quantitative research approach, design phenomenological, experimental, transversal descriptive scope, using techniques like poll, documentary analysis, interview with depth, psychometrics, and analysis of content. The results showed that in the studied population, all served people had medical and psychological symptoms that evidence of sexual violence, that in reference to participating mothers there is no a group predominantly age, or auto ethnic identification, level of instruction, economic situation or marital status related to confront; and that the victims of sexual violence were mostly aged between five and 14 years, all the victims knew the offender, most relatives who used violence to intimidate and prevent being denounced. In the conclusions, it was understood that more confront strategies used by mothers were self-criticism, the avoidance of problems and Social withdrawal, related to the maternal “protective” role and the avoidance of social stigma; and that the participants in this study used at the same time, types of confront focused on emotion, in the avoidance and the problem
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Palabras clave
tipos de afrontamiento, estrategias de afrontamiento, madres, violencia sexual