CRISIS DE IDENTIDAD Y CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS PSICOACTIVAS EN ADOLESCENTES DE COLEGIOS DE LA ZONA 8
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2017-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas es un problema que ha generado muchas preguntas a su alrededor, por ello para comprenderlo mejor, se realizó un estudio sobre uno de los factores de riesgo más influyentes, la crisis de identidad, categoría promulgada por Erik Erikson para referirse a todos los cambios que sufren los adolescentes en su transición de la niñez a la edad adulta, y que pudieran ponerlos en estado de vulnerabilidad frente al consumo, los objetivos son determinar, identificar, analizar y describir los factores y la forma en cómo influye la crisis de identidad en el consumo, además de relatar las experiencias, ideas, y sentimientos de los adolescentes en base al tema, la metodología usada es de tipo cualitativa, y la muestra es de 15 adolescentes de una población de 850, las técnicas usadas para medir su influencia y expresión son la entrevista semi estructurada y el focus group, los resultados obtenidos mostraron que existe una influencia indirecta de la crisis de identidad en el consumo y que los factores de mayor influencia son la baja autoestima, la influencia del medio, y problemas en la resolución de conflictos, además de que los adolescentes con consumo se ubican dentro del estado de identidad negativa y confusión de la identidad pertenecientes a la teoría de Erickson que expresa una identidad no aceptable o evasiva, razón por la que se debe trabajar en estos puntos y con esto, generar mejores planes de intervención y prevención en base al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas
The consumption of psychoactive substances is a problem that has generated many questions around him, so to better understand it, a study was made on one of the most influential risk factors, the identity crisis, a category promulgated by Erik Erikson to refer to all the changes that adolescents undergo in their transition from childhood to adulthood and that could put them in a state of vulnerability to consumption, the objectives are to identify, identify, analyze and describe the factors and how the crisis affects of identity in the consumption, besides telling the experiences, ideas, and feelings of the adolescents based on the subject, the methodology used is of qualitative type, and the sample is of 15 adolescents of a population of 850, the techniques used to measure its influence and expression are the semi structured interview and the focus group, the obtained results showed that there is an indirect influence of the cri sis of consumer identity and that the factors of greater influence are the low self-esteem, the influence of the environment, and problems in the resolution of conflicts, besides the adolescents with consumption are located within the state of negative identity and confusion of the identity that belong to Erickson's theory that expresses an unacceptable or evasive identity, reason why it is necessary to work in these points and with this, to generate better plans of intervention and prevention based on the consumption of psychoactive substances
The consumption of psychoactive substances is a problem that has generated many questions around him, so to better understand it, a study was made on one of the most influential risk factors, the identity crisis, a category promulgated by Erik Erikson to refer to all the changes that adolescents undergo in their transition from childhood to adulthood and that could put them in a state of vulnerability to consumption, the objectives are to identify, identify, analyze and describe the factors and how the crisis affects of identity in the consumption, besides telling the experiences, ideas, and feelings of the adolescents based on the subject, the methodology used is of qualitative type, and the sample is of 15 adolescents of a population of 850, the techniques used to measure its influence and expression are the semi structured interview and the focus group, the obtained results showed that there is an indirect influence of the cri sis of consumer identity and that the factors of greater influence are the low self-esteem, the influence of the environment, and problems in the resolution of conflicts, besides the adolescents with consumption are located within the state of negative identity and confusion of the identity that belong to Erickson's theory that expresses an unacceptable or evasive identity, reason why it is necessary to work in these points and with this, to generate better plans of intervention and prevention based on the consumption of psychoactive substances
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identidad, Consumo, adolescentes.