Programa de entrenamiento cerebral en adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo
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Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo se realizó durante las prácticas pre profesionales, un proyecto que nació en vista de la necesidad que existe para los adultos mayores del “Hogar San José”, en vista de este problema se incluyó el programa de “entrenamiento cognitivo” en adultos mayores, con la finalidad de mantener la funcionalidad cognitiva del adulto mayor, para evitar un declive acelerado y posibles enfermedades cognitivas.
Con esto se trataba de que los adultos mayores mantengan una actividad diaria durante un tiempo estimado, para luego observar los resultados de manera organizada, a base de los test y de la aplicación del programa. La metodología utilizada en nuestro proyecto fue mixta, ya que se usó un método cualitativo ayudándonos en el proceso con instrumentos cuantitativos; es exploratorio porque nuestro tema aunque es tratado, no se han realizado estudios en el país acerca de del entrenamiento cognitivo, además es descriptivo al relatar las fases del proceso del programa y como se fueron efectuando.
La neuropsicología fue la base de este programa, con los conocimientos brevemente obtenidos en el lugar de prácticas, pudimos abordar de una manera distinta a los adultos mayores y comprender las diferentes problemáticas desde la visión de neuropsicológica.
Uno de los resultados más destacados fue el mantener a los pacientes con alzhéimer en un porcentaje de daño y sin progreso, desde el inicio del programa hasta la finalización. Lo que nos dice qué, el mantenerse en actividad psicomotora y cognitiva ayuda a que la enfermedad no sea progresiva y acelerada.
El programa de entrenamiento cognitivo, ayudó a mantener un ritmo de las funciones cognitivas a mayor escala de una inercia mental que llevan los residentes del hogar
The present work was carried out during the pre-professional practices, a project that was born in view of the need that exists for the elderly of "Hogar San José", in view of this problem was included the program of "cognitive training" in older adults , in order to maintain the cognitive functionality of the elderly, to avoid an accelerated decline and possible cognitive diseases. With this, it was about that the elderly maintain a daily activity for an estimated time, and then observe the results in an organized manner, based on the tests and the application of the program. The methodology used in our project was mixed, since a qualitative method was used helping us in the process with quantitative instruments; It is exploratory because our subject, although it is treated, has not been studied in the country about cognitive training, it is also descriptive when reporting the phases of the program process and how they were carried out. Neuropsychology was the basis of this program, with the knowledge briefly obtained in the place of practice, we could approach the elderly in a different way and understand the different problems from a neuropsychological perspective. One of the most outstanding results was to keep patients with Alzheimer's in a percentage of damage and without progress, from the beginning of the program until the end. What tells us what, staying in psychomotor and cognitive activity helps the disease is not progressive and accelerated. The cognitive training program helped maintain a pace of cognitive functions on a larger scale of a mental inertia carried by the residents of the home
The present work was carried out during the pre-professional practices, a project that was born in view of the need that exists for the elderly of "Hogar San José", in view of this problem was included the program of "cognitive training" in older adults , in order to maintain the cognitive functionality of the elderly, to avoid an accelerated decline and possible cognitive diseases. With this, it was about that the elderly maintain a daily activity for an estimated time, and then observe the results in an organized manner, based on the tests and the application of the program. The methodology used in our project was mixed, since a qualitative method was used helping us in the process with quantitative instruments; It is exploratory because our subject, although it is treated, has not been studied in the country about cognitive training, it is also descriptive when reporting the phases of the program process and how they were carried out. Neuropsychology was the basis of this program, with the knowledge briefly obtained in the place of practice, we could approach the elderly in a different way and understand the different problems from a neuropsychological perspective. One of the most outstanding results was to keep patients with Alzheimer's in a percentage of damage and without progress, from the beginning of the program until the end. What tells us what, staying in psychomotor and cognitive activity helps the disease is not progressive and accelerated. The cognitive training program helped maintain a pace of cognitive functions on a larger scale of a mental inertia carried by the residents of the home
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entrenamiento cerebral, adultos mayores, deterioro cognitivo