Fractura mandibular durante la intervención quirúrgica del tercer molar retenido
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2012-06-15
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigaciónestá orientado porque las fracturas
mandibulares son las más frecuentes en traumatología facial, siendo
motivo de numerosas consultas en los servicios de urgencia.
Su etiología viene determinada por traumatismos en el tercio inferior de la
cara ya que se producen por malas técnicas aplicadas al extraer el tercer
molar inferior retenido, que en términos quirúrgicos pueden definirse como
una fuerza física causante de la lesión.
Las fracturas mandibulares suelen localizarse en regiones que presentan
cierta debilidad, por un proceso quístico, alteraciones metabólicas o por
diferentes técnicas cuando la osteotomía esdemasiado amplia y las
maniobras de apalancamiento son excesivas por falta de odontoseccion y
su estructura ósea tiene menor resistencia.
Existen diferentes tipos de fracturas:
Fracturas en la arcada dentaria q se clasifican en:
Fracturas sinfisarias y parasinfisarias; Fracturas de la región de los
caninos; Fracturas del cuerpo de la mandíbula;Fracturas del ángulo
mandibular son las más frecuentes, las fracturas de la rama mandibular
son poco frecuentes.
Fracturas del cóndilo mandibular son fracturas que alteran la oclusión y el
ATM, existen dos tipos de nervios q pueden ser involucrados en este Tipo
de trastornos: la rama marginal del nervio facial y la división mandibular
del nervio trigémino.
Por ello el objetivo de este proyecto está enfocado a enseñar a los
estudiantes de la facultad de odontología nuevas técnicas y uso de
instrumentos de mejor tecnología para el tratamiento de la fractura
mandibular.
En esta investigación se utilizaron métodos bibliográficos, analítico
descriptivo, inductivo, deductivo.
Los resultados de esta investigación, establecerán un plan de tratamiento
de mayor eficacia resolviendo así los diferentes tipos de fracturas que se
producen durante la extracción del tercer molar retenido.
This work aimed investigaciónestá because fractures mandible are the most common in facial trauma , being reason of many visits to the emergency services . Its etiology is determined by trauma to the lower third of the expensive as they are produced by bad techniques applied to remove the third lower molar retained in surgical terms can be defined as physical force causing the injury . Mandibular fractures are usually located in regions with some weakness , for a cystic process , or metabolic disorders different techniques when the osteotomy esdemasiado wide and leverage maneuvers are excessive and lack of odontosection bone structure has a lower resistance . There are different types of fractures : Fractures in the dental arch q are classified as: Fractures and parasymphyseal sinfisarias ; Fractures in the region of canines; Fractures of the body of the mandible , angle fractures mandible are the most common fractures of the mandibular branch are rare . Fractures of the mandibular condyle fractures are altering occlusion and ATM , there are two types of nerves q may be involved in this type disorders : the marginal branch of the facial nerve and the mandibular division trigeminal nerve. Thus, the aim of this project is focused on teaching students of the faculty of dentistry and use new techniques of best technology instruments for fracture treatment mandibular . In this research literature methods were used, analytical descriptive , inductive, deductive . The results of this research will establish a treatment plan greater efficiency thus solving the different types of fractures occur during the third molar extraction retained.
This work aimed investigaciónestá because fractures mandible are the most common in facial trauma , being reason of many visits to the emergency services . Its etiology is determined by trauma to the lower third of the expensive as they are produced by bad techniques applied to remove the third lower molar retained in surgical terms can be defined as physical force causing the injury . Mandibular fractures are usually located in regions with some weakness , for a cystic process , or metabolic disorders different techniques when the osteotomy esdemasiado wide and leverage maneuvers are excessive and lack of odontosection bone structure has a lower resistance . There are different types of fractures : Fractures in the dental arch q are classified as: Fractures and parasymphyseal sinfisarias ; Fractures in the region of canines; Fractures of the body of the mandible , angle fractures mandible are the most common fractures of the mandibular branch are rare . Fractures of the mandibular condyle fractures are altering occlusion and ATM , there are two types of nerves q may be involved in this type disorders : the marginal branch of the facial nerve and the mandibular division trigeminal nerve. Thus, the aim of this project is focused on teaching students of the faculty of dentistry and use new techniques of best technology instruments for fracture treatment mandibular . In this research literature methods were used, analytical descriptive , inductive, deductive . The results of this research will establish a treatment plan greater efficiency thus solving the different types of fractures occur during the third molar extraction retained.
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CIRUGIA BUCO-MAXILOFACIAL, TERCER MOLAR, FRACTURAS MANDIBULARES