FACTORES PSICOSOCIALES Y SU INCIDENCIA EN EL DETERIORO DE LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DEL ADULTO MAYOR, FUNDACIÓN NURTAC DURÁN
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2018-01
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
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Como parte del proceso de práctica pre-profesionales realizadas en la Fundación Nurtac, se replicó un Proyecto de Salud mental y Evaluación Psicosocial del adulto mayor, de donde sale el tema del trabajo de titulación Factores Psicosociales y su incidencia en el deterioro de la Calidad de Vida del Adulto Mayor, Fundación Nurtac–Durán, como objetivo Caracterizar los factores psicosociales que inciden en la calidad de vida del adulto mayor. La metodología empleada fue de diseño cualitativo de alcance descriptivo–explicativo de tipo transversal, participaron 12 adultos mayores entre 65 – 85 años, cuyos criterios de inclusión fueron la edad, condiciones neurológicas estables, sin deficiencias físicas, auditivas, visuales, con asistencia regular en la modalidad Diurno. Se usó método de observación, análisis, técnicas como entrevistas semi-estructuras, abiertas, Instrumentos como el Test Mini-Mental, Test de Katz, Test de Percepción del funcionamiento familiar, Escala de Yesavage. Dentro de los resultados se identificó que los adultos mayores presentan afecciones por su entorno psicosocial, falta de apoyo familiar, sentimientos de soledad, viudez, pensamientos negativos recurrentes, se describió que las situaciones de deterioro en la calidad de vida afectan su salud, son más vulnerables a enfermarse, no cumplen sus necesidades básicas, no participan en actividades sociales o familiares, la mayoría viven solos (as), son de instrucción primaria, se analizó la incidencia de los factores psicosociales sobre la calidad de vida y presenta una población con niveles medios de depresión, baja autoestima, preocupación de su futuro, tienen condiciones económicas desfavorables
As part of the pre-professional practice process carried out at the Nurtac Foundation, a Mental Health Project and Psychosocial Evaluation of the elder adult was replicated, from which appears the titling work “The Psychosocial Factors and its incidence on the deterioration of the Quality of Life of the Elderly, Nurtac-Durán Foundation”; with the objective To characterize the psychosocial factors that affect the quality of life of the elderly. The methodology used was of qualitative design of descriptive-explanatory scope of transversal type, 12 elderly adults between 65 and 85 years participated, whose inclusion criteria were age, stable neurological conditions, without physical, auditory, and visual deficiencies, with regular attendance at the Day mode. We used observation method, analysis; techniques such as semi-structured open interviews. Instruments such as Mini-Mental Test, Katz Test, Family Function Perception Test, Yesavage Scale,. Within the results it was identified that the elderly have conditions due to their psychosocial environment, lack of family support, feelings of loneliness, widowhood, recurrent negative thoughts, it was described that situations of deterioration in the quality of life affect their health, they are more vulnerable to get sick, do not meet their basic needs, do not participate in social or family activities, most live alone, are of primary education, analyzed the incidence of psychosocial factors on quality of life and presents a population with levels means of depression, low self-esteem, concern for their future, have unfavorable economic conditions
As part of the pre-professional practice process carried out at the Nurtac Foundation, a Mental Health Project and Psychosocial Evaluation of the elder adult was replicated, from which appears the titling work “The Psychosocial Factors and its incidence on the deterioration of the Quality of Life of the Elderly, Nurtac-Durán Foundation”; with the objective To characterize the psychosocial factors that affect the quality of life of the elderly. The methodology used was of qualitative design of descriptive-explanatory scope of transversal type, 12 elderly adults between 65 and 85 years participated, whose inclusion criteria were age, stable neurological conditions, without physical, auditory, and visual deficiencies, with regular attendance at the Day mode. We used observation method, analysis; techniques such as semi-structured open interviews. Instruments such as Mini-Mental Test, Katz Test, Family Function Perception Test, Yesavage Scale,. Within the results it was identified that the elderly have conditions due to their psychosocial environment, lack of family support, feelings of loneliness, widowhood, recurrent negative thoughts, it was described that situations of deterioration in the quality of life affect their health, they are more vulnerable to get sick, do not meet their basic needs, do not participate in social or family activities, most live alone, are of primary education, analyzed the incidence of psychosocial factors on quality of life and presents a population with levels means of depression, low self-esteem, concern for their future, have unfavorable economic conditions
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Factores Psicosociales, calidad de vida, adulto mayor, factores de riesgo