Leucemia linfoblástica aguda B, correlación entre enfermedad mínima residual y recaída medular en pacientes pediátricos. Instituto Oncológico Nacional Solca 2015-2017
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Enfermedad Mínima Residual permite la detección temprana de mínimas cantidades
de blastos en muestras de médula ósea de pacientes con Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda
B, lo cual sería imposible diagnosticarlo por métodos histopatológicos, por lo que es
fundamental para la conformación de los grupos de riesgo y respuesta al tratamiento. El
objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es determinar la correlación entre la
Enfermedad Mínima Residual y recaída medular en pacientes pediátricos. El trabajo que
se plantea es de carácter descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal, no
experimental, a través de la recolección de datos de las historias clínicas de los
pacientes de SOLCA-Guayaquil, de Mayo del 2015 a Mayo del 2017. Los resultados
concluyeron que 203 pacientes fueron diagnosticados con Leucemia Linfoblástica
Aguda de los cuales 140 eran de estirpe B entre 1 y 14 años (68.9%), la incidencia fue
del 2.02% en el 2016, de los 107 pacientes escogidos para el estudio 81 presentaron
Enfermedad Mínima Residual post-consolidación positiva (75,7%) de ellos 31
presentaron recaída medular (38,2%); mientras que 26 pacientes fueron negativos
(24,3%) y de estos 6 presentaron recaída medular (23.1%), por lo que se concluye que el
estudio de Enfermedad Mínima Residual post-consolidación es un importante factor
predictivo para la aparición de recaída medular en los pacientes pediátricos con
Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda B.
Palabras clave: Enfermedad Mínima Residual, Citometría de Flujo, Leucemia
Linfoblástica Aguda B.
The Minimal Residual Disease allows the early detection of minimal amounts of blasts in bone marrow samples from patients with Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia, which would be impossible to diagnose by histopathological methods, so it is essential for the conformation of risk groups and response to the treatment. The objective of this research is to determine the correlation between Minimum Residual Disease and bone marrow relapse in pediatric patients.The work proposed is descriptive, correlational, non-experimental, through the collection of data from the clinical records of SOLCAGuayaquil patients, from May 2015 to May 2017. The results concluded that 203 patients were diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of which 140 were of line B between 1 and 14 years (68.9%), the incidence was 2.02% in 2016, of the 107 patients chosen for the study, 81 patients had post-consolidation Minimal Residual Disease positive (75.7%) of them 31 presentation bone marrow relapse (38.2%); while 26 patients were negative (24.3%) and of these 6 were bone marrow relapse (23.1%), so it is concluded that the study of post-consolidation Minimum Residual Disease is an important predictive factor for the appearance of bone marrow relapse in pediatric patients with Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
The Minimal Residual Disease allows the early detection of minimal amounts of blasts in bone marrow samples from patients with Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia, which would be impossible to diagnose by histopathological methods, so it is essential for the conformation of risk groups and response to the treatment. The objective of this research is to determine the correlation between Minimum Residual Disease and bone marrow relapse in pediatric patients.The work proposed is descriptive, correlational, non-experimental, through the collection of data from the clinical records of SOLCAGuayaquil patients, from May 2015 to May 2017. The results concluded that 203 patients were diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of which 140 were of line B between 1 and 14 years (68.9%), the incidence was 2.02% in 2016, of the 107 patients chosen for the study, 81 patients had post-consolidation Minimal Residual Disease positive (75.7%) of them 31 presentation bone marrow relapse (38.2%); while 26 patients were negative (24.3%) and of these 6 were bone marrow relapse (23.1%), so it is concluded that the study of post-consolidation Minimum Residual Disease is an important predictive factor for the appearance of bone marrow relapse in pediatric patients with Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Enfermedad mínima residual, CIitometría de flujo, Leucemia linoblástica aguda B, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital SOLCA de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Pediatría