Neumonía de la comunidad en pacientes con parálisis cerebral infantil
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La presente investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, bibliográfica, de campo con un enfoque cualitativo. La muestra de este estudio estuvo constituida de 30 pacientes con parálisis cerebral infantil y sus padres. Los datos fueron recopilados mediante el uso de historias clínicas y el cuestionario sobre conocimientos que tuvieron los padres de los pacientes con parálisis cerebral infantil sobre factores predisponentes de contraer Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Con toda la información obtenida se elaboró un programa de prevención e intervención que permita educar a los padres para mejorar su calidad de vida, por medio de charlas educativas, entrega de trípticos, la aplicación de técnicas de fisioterapia respiratoria. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación dieron como prevalencia 30 pacientes con parálisis cerebral infantil tipo cuadriplejia espástica diagnosticados con neumonía, los pacientes menores de 5 años y de sexo masculino fueron lo más predispuestos a contraer la enfermedad, cuyo factor con mayor frecuencia fue la tos ineficaz y las aspiraciones por alimentos. Este estudio se lo realizo con el fin de aumentar y, obtener conocimiento específico acerca de la Neumonía en este tipo de pacientes para prevenir la aparición de nuevas infecciones respiratorias.
Palabras claves: Neumonía, Parálisis Cerebral Infantil, Factores, Prevención
The present investigation was of a descriptive, bibliographic, field type with a qualitative approach. The sample of this study consisted of 30 patients with infant cerebral palsy and their parents. The data was collected through the use of clinical histories and the questionnaire about the knowledge that parents of children with cerebral palsy have about predisposing factors of acquiring community acquired pneumonia. With all the information obtained, a prevention and intervention program is developed that allows parents to be educated in order not to contract the disease, through educational talks, delivery of triptychs, and the application of respiratory physiotherapy techniques. The results obtained in this investigation gave as a prevalence 30 patients with infantile cerebral palsy type spastic quadriplegia diagnosed with pneumonia, patients under 5 years of age and male were the most predisposed to contract the disease, whose factor was most often ineffective cough and aspirations for food. This study has been carried out in order to increase and obtain specific knowledge about pneumonia in this type of patients to prevent the appearance of new respiratory infections.
The present investigation was of a descriptive, bibliographic, field type with a qualitative approach. The sample of this study consisted of 30 patients with infant cerebral palsy and their parents. The data was collected through the use of clinical histories and the questionnaire about the knowledge that parents of children with cerebral palsy have about predisposing factors of acquiring community acquired pneumonia. With all the information obtained, a prevention and intervention program is developed that allows parents to be educated in order not to contract the disease, through educational talks, delivery of triptychs, and the application of respiratory physiotherapy techniques. The results obtained in this investigation gave as a prevalence 30 patients with infantile cerebral palsy type spastic quadriplegia diagnosed with pneumonia, patients under 5 years of age and male were the most predisposed to contract the disease, whose factor was most often ineffective cough and aspirations for food. This study has been carried out in order to increase and obtain specific knowledge about pneumonia in this type of patients to prevent the appearance of new respiratory infections.
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Neumonía, Parálisis cerebral, Medicina preventiva, Epidemiología descriptiva, Centro Integral de Equinoterapia Fundación Guayas Avanza, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Pediatría