Prevalencia de Stevens Johnson, factores de riesgo en niños menores de 14 años. Estudio realizado en el Hospital de Especialidades Francisco de Icaza Bustamante período 2016
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson es una forma limitada de la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica, caracterizada por la destrucción y el desprendimiento del epitelio de la piel y de las mucosas, implicando a menos del 10% de la superficie corporal total. La incidencia anual del síndrome de Stevens-Johnson es menor de 1/1.000.000. afecta mas a niños que adultos. El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson puede desencadenarse a raíz de una alergia medicamentosa.
Los factores de riesgo para el síndrome de Stevens-Johnson pueden incluir:
Infecciones virales, como herpes, hepatitis, neumonía viral o VIH
Un sistema inmunitario debilitado, como resultado del VIH o SIDA, enfermedades autoinmunes, como el lupus, la quimioterapia y los trasplantes de órganos.
Antecedentes de síndrome de Stevens-Johnson: si el síndrome fue causado previamente por medicamentos, corre el riesgo de que vuelva a ocurrir si vuelve a tomar el mismo medicamento o medicamentos de la misma familia de medicamentos.
Antecedentes familiares del síndrome de Stevens-Johnson: si un familiar cercano ha tenido el síndrome, su riesgo de contraerlo puede aumentar.
También se han identificado genes específicos que aumentan el riesgo del síndrome de Stevens-Johnson entre ciertos grupos de personas. Tan pronto como el diagnóstico se sospecha, los pacientes deben ser hospitalizados en un servicio adaptado: cuidados intensivos o unidad de quemados. La reepitelización es rápida (2-3 semanas).
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a limited form of toxic epidermal necrolysis, characterized by the destruction and detachment of epithelium from the skin and mucous membranes, involving less than 10% of the total body surface area. The annual incidence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome is less than 1 / 1,000,000. It affects more children than adults. Stevens-Johnson syndrome can be triggered by a drug allergy. Risk factors for Stevens-Johnson syndrome may include: • Viral infections, such as herpes, hepatitis, viral pneumonia or HIV • A weakened immune system, as a result of HIV or AIDS, autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, chemotherapy and organ transplants. • History of Stevens-Johnson syndrome: If the syndrome was previously caused by medications, you risk recurring if you take the same medication again or drugs from the same family of medications. • Family history of Stevens-Johnson syndrome: if a close family member has had the syndrome, their risk of getting it may increase. • Specific genes have also been identified that increase the risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome among certain groups of people. As soon as the diagnosis is suspected, patients should be hospitalized in an adapted service: intensive care or burn unit. Re-epithelialization is rapid (2-3 weeks).
Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a limited form of toxic epidermal necrolysis, characterized by the destruction and detachment of epithelium from the skin and mucous membranes, involving less than 10% of the total body surface area. The annual incidence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome is less than 1 / 1,000,000. It affects more children than adults. Stevens-Johnson syndrome can be triggered by a drug allergy. Risk factors for Stevens-Johnson syndrome may include: • Viral infections, such as herpes, hepatitis, viral pneumonia or HIV • A weakened immune system, as a result of HIV or AIDS, autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, chemotherapy and organ transplants. • History of Stevens-Johnson syndrome: If the syndrome was previously caused by medications, you risk recurring if you take the same medication again or drugs from the same family of medications. • Family history of Stevens-Johnson syndrome: if a close family member has had the syndrome, their risk of getting it may increase. • Specific genes have also been identified that increase the risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome among certain groups of people. As soon as the diagnosis is suspected, patients should be hospitalized in an adapted service: intensive care or burn unit. Re-epithelialization is rapid (2-3 weeks).
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Pediatría, Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson, Necrólosis epidérmica tóxica, Eritema, Prevalencia, Factores de riesgo, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador