Factores de riesgo del asma bronquial en pacientes de 5 -15 años, en el Hospital Guasmo Sur
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Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
l asma es la enfermedad crónica más frecuente en la infancia. El diagnóstico es clínico dado por episodios de disnea espiratoria con sibilancias reversibles. La identificación y el control de los factores de riesgo constituyen es un pilar fundamental en el manejo de esta entidad además de fármacos los cuales tenemos los de rescate y los controladores de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los factores de riesgo del asma bronquial en pacientes pediátricos. La metodología a utilizar es de tipo retrospectivo, la recolección de datos es obtenida por método analítico mediante la revisión de datos descritos en las historias clínicas, Los pacientes masculinos y entre 8 y 10 años resultaron los más frecuentes. Los antecedentes familiares de asma bronquial y de atopia, la exposición a alérgenos en la etapa prenatal, las infecciones víricas respiratorias se identificaron como factores de riesgo asociados que influyeron en el desarrollo de asma bronquial.
Palabras Clave: Asma en niños, Evaluación clínica, Factores de riesgo
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UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS
CARRERA DE MEDICINA
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"RISK FACTORS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN PATIENTS 5-15 YEARS OLD, IN GUASMO SUR HOSPITAL."
Author: CARLOS ALBERTO ARAY HURTADO
Advisor: GISELLA RUIZ ORTEGA
Asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in childhood. The diagnosis is clinical due to episodes of expiratory dyspnea with reversible wheezing. The identification and control of risk factors constitute a fundamental pillar in the management of this entity as well as drugs which we have the rescue and the controllers of the disease. The objective of this work is to determine the risk factors of bronchial asthma in pediatric patients. The methodology to be used is retrospective, data collection is obtained by analytical method by reviewing data described in the medical records, male patients and between 8 and 10 years were the most frequent. Family history of bronchial asthma and atopy, exposure to allergens in the prenatal stage, viral respiratory infections were identified as associated risk factors that influenced the development of bronchial asthma.
Asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in childhood. The diagnosis is clinical due to episodes of expiratory dyspnea with reversible wheezing. The identification and control of risk factors constitute a fundamental pillar in the management of this entity as well as drugs which we have the rescue and the controllers of the disease. The objective of this work is to determine the risk factors of bronchial asthma in pediatric patients. The methodology to be used is retrospective, data collection is obtained by analytical method by reviewing data described in the medical records, male patients and between 8 and 10 years were the most frequent. Family history of bronchial asthma and atopy, exposure to allergens in the prenatal stage, viral respiratory infections were identified as associated risk factors that influenced the development of bronchial asthma.
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Asma, Factores de riesgo, Pediatría, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Hospital General Guasmo Sur, Evaluación de síntomas, Diagnóstico clínico