Perfil epidemiológico del VIH - SIDA en pacientes pediátricos del Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante, período 2016-2017
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Hasta hace pocos años la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) era invariablemente una enfermedad progresiva y mortal en donde el médico se convertía en un espectador de su historia natural, interviniendo sin éxito en la mayoría de las ocasiones para tratar las infecciones oportunistas que eran el resultado de las fallas del sistema inmunológico y de las escasas herramientas disponibles. Los niños son dianas ―inocentes‖ del virus y adquieren la infección, principalmente, a través de sus madres (durante el embarazo, parto periodo postnatal). La transmisión vertical (TV) puede ser reducida sustancialmente (en 1%) mediante la identificación a tiempo de las embarazadas contagiadas que han recibido el tratamiento antirretroviral adecuado, y en algunos casos mediante cesárea electiva. Gracias al éxito de la Terapia Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA) muchos niños infectados por TV han sobrevivido y han ido alcanzando la adolescencia e incluso la juventud
Until a few years ago, infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was invariably a progressive and fatal disease in which the doctor became a spectator of its natural history, intervening unsuccessfully in most cases to treat infections opportunists that were the result of the failures of the immune system and the few available tools. Children are "innocent" targets of the virus and acquire the infection, mainly, through their mothers (during pregnancy, postnatal period). Vertical transmission (TV) can be substantially reduced (by 1%) by timely identification of infected pregnant women who have received adequate antiretroviral treatment, and in some cases by elective cesarean section. Thanks to the success of the Antiretroviral Therapy of Great Activity (HAART) many children infected by TV have survived and have been reaching adolescence and even youth.
Until a few years ago, infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was invariably a progressive and fatal disease in which the doctor became a spectator of its natural history, intervening unsuccessfully in most cases to treat infections opportunists that were the result of the failures of the immune system and the few available tools. Children are "innocent" targets of the virus and acquire the infection, mainly, through their mothers (during pregnancy, postnatal period). Vertical transmission (TV) can be substantially reduced (by 1%) by timely identification of infected pregnant women who have received adequate antiretroviral treatment, and in some cases by elective cesarean section. Thanks to the success of the Antiretroviral Therapy of Great Activity (HAART) many children infected by TV have survived and have been reaching adolescence and even youth.
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Perfil de salud, Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Pediatría, Hospital del NIño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador