Hiperbilirrubinemia en recién nacidos ingresados al Servicio de Neonatología en el Hospital Mariana de Jesús
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La ictericia neonatal es el síndrome más frecuente en los recién nacidos, en especial
en los a término. Su incidencia tiene una estrecha relación con la edad gestacional,
enfermedades asociadas, tipo de alimentación, raza, sexo. Por tal motivo este estudio
investigativo con el tema “Hiperbilirrubinemia en recién nacidos que ingresaron al
servicio de neonatología en el Hospital Mariana de Jesús” tuvo como finalidad
determinar cúal es la importancia de su estudio, las complicaciones y secuelas de la
Hiperbilirrubinemia en recién nacidos para ésto se utilizó la metodología
retrospectiva, en donde se estudiaron 100 historias clínicas de recién nacidos que
ingresaron al servicio de neonatología del Hospital en mención en un periòdi
determinado de tiempo en los cuales obtuvimos los siguientes resultados:
Que el grupo etario más afectado es el de 37-41 semanas de gestaciones
considerados recién nacidos a término, con una frecuencia de 60 pacientes
representando el 60% de la población, que el grupo con concentraciones séricas de
bilirrubina con mayor incidencia de hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal son los de 8-10 mg/dl
que están considerados en los recién nacidos a término, que el grupo con el tiempo de
aparición de las manifestaciones clínicas más afectadas es el de 1er día con una
frecuencia de 85 pacientes representando el 85% de la población, que el grupo de
factor de riesgo con mayor afectación es el de incompatibilidad fetomaterna de grupo
ABO con una frecuencia de 88 pacientes que representa al 88% de la población, que el
tratamiento requerido con mayor incidencia es el de fototerapia con una frecuencia
de 75 pacientes que corresponden al 75% de la población.
Neonatal jaundice is the most frequent syndrome in newborns, especially at term. Its incidence is closely related to gestational age, associated diseases, type of diet, race, sex. For this reason this research study with the theme "Hyperbilirubinemia in newborns who entered the neonatal service at the Mariana de Jesús Hospital" aimed to determine the importance of their study, the complications and sequelae of Hyperbilirubinemia in newborns for The retrospective methodology was used, where 100 clinical records of newborns admitted to the neonatology service of the Hospital were studied in a given period of time in which we obtained the following results: That the most affected age group is that of 37-41 weeks of gestations considered full-term newborns, with a frequency of 60 patients representing 60% of the population, that the group with serum bilirubin concentrations with higher incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia are those of 8-10 mg / dl that are considered in fullterm infants, that the group with the time of onset of the most affected clinical manifestations is the 1st day with a frequency of 85 patients representing 85% of the population , that the group of risk factor with greater affectation is the one of fetomaternal incompatibility of group ABO with a frequency of 88 patients that represents 88% of the population, that the treatment required with greater incidence is the one of phototherapy with a frequency of 75 patients that correspond to 75% of the population.
Neonatal jaundice is the most frequent syndrome in newborns, especially at term. Its incidence is closely related to gestational age, associated diseases, type of diet, race, sex. For this reason this research study with the theme "Hyperbilirubinemia in newborns who entered the neonatal service at the Mariana de Jesús Hospital" aimed to determine the importance of their study, the complications and sequelae of Hyperbilirubinemia in newborns for The retrospective methodology was used, where 100 clinical records of newborns admitted to the neonatology service of the Hospital were studied in a given period of time in which we obtained the following results: That the most affected age group is that of 37-41 weeks of gestations considered full-term newborns, with a frequency of 60 patients representing 60% of the population, that the group with serum bilirubin concentrations with higher incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia are those of 8-10 mg / dl that are considered in fullterm infants, that the group with the time of onset of the most affected clinical manifestations is the 1st day with a frequency of 85 patients representing 85% of the population , that the group of risk factor with greater affectation is the one of fetomaternal incompatibility of group ABO with a frequency of 88 patients that represents 88% of the population, that the treatment required with greater incidence is the one of phototherapy with a frequency of 75 patients that correspond to 75% of the population.
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Hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal, Ictericia neonatal, Factores de riesgo, Complicaciones, Hospital Especializado Mariana de Jesús, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Recién nacido