Complicaciones en la exodoncia de un tercer molar inferior retenido
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2011-04-15
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La erupción de los dientes temporales y permanentes se realiza según
una secuencia determinada y en intervalos determinados de tiempo. Si
se produce un retraso patológico, debe investigarse si existe agenesia del
diente o la presencia de alguna causa que ocasione la retención de su
erupción.
Se denominan dientes retenidos a aquellos que una vez llegada la época
normal de su erupción no lo han logrado y permanecen en el interior de
los maxilares, manteniendo la integridad de su saco pericoronario.
Actualmente se le denomina Síndrome de Retención Dentaria por estar
caracterizado por un conjunto de alteraciones, además de la ausencia del
diente en la cavidad bucal.
La retención dentaria puede presentarse de dos formas: intraósea cuando
el diente está totalmente rodeado por tejido óseo, y subgingival cuando
está cubierto por mucosa gingival, pudiendo encontrarse en diferentes
lugares de la cavidad bucal y por su posición se han descrito varias
denominaciones, entre las que tenemos: diente retenido, incluido,
enclavado e impactado. También ha recibido diversas clasificaciones de
acuerdo al orden de frecuencia con que se presentan, a la posición del eje
longitudinal del diente, a la altura respecto al plano de oclusión, a la
profundidad, entre otras.
Puede estar afectado cualquier diente de la cavidad bucal, pero los
terceros molares inferiores, los superiores y los caninos superiores son los
que mayormente quedan retenidos. Se presentan con mayor frecuencia
en la población adolescente y adultos jóvenes, sin tener preferencia de
sexo ni tipo racial.
Las retenciones dentarias pueden ocasionar diversas complicaciones y el
proceso de brote dentario puede causar accidentes de muy diversos tipos.
2
Su diagnóstico conlleva un examen clínico y radiográfico y su tratamiento
por lo general es quirúrgico o quirúrgico-ortodóntico.
Múltiples son las causas que intervienen en la retención dentaria; entre
los principales factores etiológicos tenemos: embriológicos, cuando el
germen dentario está lejos del alveolo; mecánicos, por interposición de
elementos patológicos; malformaciones asociadas a síndromes
craneofaciales y enfermedades genéticas asociadas a enfermedades
endocrino metabólicas
La importancia de la presente investigación es justificable desde cualquier
punto de vista pues evidencia el interés de las posibles complicaciones
que pueden ocurrir durante la extracción de un tercer molar inferior
retenido, así como también cumplir con un requisito académico que me
permitirá culminar mis estudios.
The eruption of deciduous and permanent teeth is performed according determined and at certain intervals of time sequence. if a pathological delay occurs , should be investigated if there agenesis tooth or the presence of any reason that causes the retention of their eruption. Retained those teeth are called once the arrival time normal eruption and have failed to remain within the jaws, maintaining the integrity of your pericoronal sack. Currently it is called Tooth Retention Syndrome to be characterized by a set of changes , and the absence of tooth in the oral cavity. The dental retention can occur in two ways: when intraosseous the tooth is completely surrounded by bone tissue and subgingival when is covered by gingival mucosa , being able to be in different areas of the oral cavity and its position are described several denominations, among which are: impacted tooth , including , locked and impacted . He has also received various classifications of in order of frequency are presented to the shaft position longitudinal tooth , the height of the plane of occlusion, at depth , among others. May be affected any tooth in the oral cavity , but the third molars , upper and upper canines are that largely are retained . They occur most frequently in adolescent and young adult population , without preference gender or racial type . The dental deductions can cause various complications and process of tooth bud can cause many different types of accidents . 2 Diagnosis involves a clinical and radiographic examination and treatment is usually surgical or surgical - orthodontic . There are multiple causes involved in tooth retention , among the main etiologic factors : embryological , when the tooth germ is away from the socket , mechanical , by interposing pathological elements ; malformations associated with syndromes craniofacial and diseases associated with genetic diseases endocrine metabolic The importance of this research is justifiable from any view interest as evidence of possible complications that may occur during removal of lower third molar retained , as well as meet an academic requirement I allowed to finish my studies.
The eruption of deciduous and permanent teeth is performed according determined and at certain intervals of time sequence. if a pathological delay occurs , should be investigated if there agenesis tooth or the presence of any reason that causes the retention of their eruption. Retained those teeth are called once the arrival time normal eruption and have failed to remain within the jaws, maintaining the integrity of your pericoronal sack. Currently it is called Tooth Retention Syndrome to be characterized by a set of changes , and the absence of tooth in the oral cavity. The dental retention can occur in two ways: when intraosseous the tooth is completely surrounded by bone tissue and subgingival when is covered by gingival mucosa , being able to be in different areas of the oral cavity and its position are described several denominations, among which are: impacted tooth , including , locked and impacted . He has also received various classifications of in order of frequency are presented to the shaft position longitudinal tooth , the height of the plane of occlusion, at depth , among others. May be affected any tooth in the oral cavity , but the third molars , upper and upper canines are that largely are retained . They occur most frequently in adolescent and young adult population , without preference gender or racial type . The dental deductions can cause various complications and process of tooth bud can cause many different types of accidents . 2 Diagnosis involves a clinical and radiographic examination and treatment is usually surgical or surgical - orthodontic . There are multiple causes involved in tooth retention , among the main etiologic factors : embryological , when the tooth germ is away from the socket , mechanical , by interposing pathological elements ; malformations associated with syndromes craniofacial and diseases associated with genetic diseases endocrine metabolic The importance of this research is justifiable from any view interest as evidence of possible complications that may occur during removal of lower third molar retained , as well as meet an academic requirement I allowed to finish my studies.
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CIRUGIA BUCO-MAXILOFACIAL, TERCER MOLAR