Ventajas de la cirugía laparoscópica en el tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda, en HDPNG No. 2; años 2016 - 2017
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue Analizar las ventajas de la cirugía laparoscópica en el tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda en el Hospital Docente de la Policía Nacional de Guayaquil N°2 durante el periodo 2016 y 2017. Fue un estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo, de corte transversal y de enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 276 pacientes apendicectomizados, divididos en técnica laparoscópica (120) y técnica convencional (156). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software SPSS versión 21. La técnica laparoscópica representó el 43% del total de apendicectomías, el 59,17% (71) fue realizada en mujeres, con un predominio de la técnica laparoscópica en el grupo etario de adultos jóvenes con el 76,67%. El tiempo promedio de la apendicectomía laparoscópica fue mayor en comparación con la técnica convencional (64,28 vs 45,72), pero hubo menor estancia hospitalaria en el grupo de laparoscopía, con 110 casos en 24 horas vs los 75 casos de la técnica convencional por igual tiempo. Existió menor incidencia de complicaciones con la técnica laparoscópica (7 casos) en relación a la cirugía abierta (39 casos). La complicación más frecuente del grupo de laparoscopía fue el serohematoma con el 14%. Se demostró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la técnica quirúrgica empleada y las complicaciones posoperatorias (p=0.002). La técnica laparoscópica disminuye la frecuencia de complicaciones (OR: 0.935). Se concluye que la apendicectomía laparoscópica es una técnica eficaz que tiene como ventaja menor tiempo de hospitalización y mínima tasa de complicaciones. Por lo tanto se la recomienda como técnica de primera línea de la apendicitis no complicada.
The objective of this research was to analyze the advantages of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of acute appendicitis in the teaching hospital of the national police of guayaquil no. 2 during the period 2016 and 2017. It was an observational, analytical, retrospective study of cross section and quantitative approach. the sample consisted of 276 appendectomized patients, divided into laparoscopic technique (120) and conventional technique (156). The statistical analysis was performed with the software SPSS version 21. The laparoscopic technique represented 43% of the total appendectomies, 59.17% (71) was performed in women, with a predominance of the technique in the age group of young adults. with 76.67%. The average time of laparoscopic appendectomy was higher compared to the conventional technique (64.28 vs 45.72), but there was a shorter hospital stay in the laparoscopic group, with 110 cases in 24 hours vs the 75 cases of the conventional technique for the same time. There was a lower incidence of complications with the laparoscopic technique (7 cases) in relation to open surgery (39 cases). The most frequent complication of the laparoscopic group was serohematoma with 14%. There was a statistically significant association between the surgical technique used and the postoperative complications (p = 0.002). The laparoscopic technique decreases the frequency of complications (or: 0.935). It is concluded that laparoscopic appendectomy is an effective technique that has the advantage of shorter hospitalization time and a lower rate of complications. therefore, it is recommended as a first-line technique for uncomplicated appendicitis.
The objective of this research was to analyze the advantages of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of acute appendicitis in the teaching hospital of the national police of guayaquil no. 2 during the period 2016 and 2017. It was an observational, analytical, retrospective study of cross section and quantitative approach. the sample consisted of 276 appendectomized patients, divided into laparoscopic technique (120) and conventional technique (156). The statistical analysis was performed with the software SPSS version 21. The laparoscopic technique represented 43% of the total appendectomies, 59.17% (71) was performed in women, with a predominance of the technique in the age group of young adults. with 76.67%. The average time of laparoscopic appendectomy was higher compared to the conventional technique (64.28 vs 45.72), but there was a shorter hospital stay in the laparoscopic group, with 110 cases in 24 hours vs the 75 cases of the conventional technique for the same time. There was a lower incidence of complications with the laparoscopic technique (7 cases) in relation to open surgery (39 cases). The most frequent complication of the laparoscopic group was serohematoma with 14%. There was a statistically significant association between the surgical technique used and the postoperative complications (p = 0.002). The laparoscopic technique decreases the frequency of complications (or: 0.935). It is concluded that laparoscopic appendectomy is an effective technique that has the advantage of shorter hospitalization time and a lower rate of complications. therefore, it is recommended as a first-line technique for uncomplicated appendicitis.
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APENDICITIS, APENDICECTOMIA, LAPAROSCOPIA, HOSPITAL NACIONAL DE LA POLICIA GUAYAQUIL NO.2, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS