Complicaciones frecuentes de anemia drepanocítica en niños de 5 a 9 años en el Hospital Francisco de Icaza Bustamante 2015 - 2016
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
La Anemia falciforme o Anemia drepanocítica, pertenece al grupo de hemoglobinopatías más frecuentes en la que se hereda dos genes mutantes de la hemoglobina, uno de cada progenitor. Se debe su nombre debido a la forma de hoz que adquieren los eritrocitos. Existe una amplia variedad de sintomatología y complicaciones del paciente con anemia drepanocítica, como dolor en miembros inferiores de gran intensidad, taquicardia, taquipnea, perdida del sensorio, dolor torácico agudo, anemia aguda etc., que pueden descompensar al paciente pediátrico y comprometer la vida del mismo. Por ello se realiza este trabajo de investigación, para conocer más acerca de las complicaciones que inciden en la anemia drepanocítica en niños de 5-9 años, además de la importancia que la comunidad conozca los signos
de alarma que debe observar en un niño cuando está enfermo para concurrir inmediatamente al servicio de salud en caso de que aparezcan para su rápido diagnóstico y eficaz tratamiento.
Palabras claves: Anemia. Drepanocitosis. Células falciformes. Crisis veno-oclusivas. Síndrome Torácico Agudo. Dolor intenso.
Sickle cell anemia belongs to the most frequent group of hemoglobinopathies in which two mutant hemoglobin genes are inherited, one from each parent. It owes its name due to the sickle shape that erythrocytes acquire. There is a wide variety of symptoms and complications of the patient with sickle cell anemia, such as pain in lower limbs of high intensity, tachycardia, tachypnea, loss of sensorium, acute chest pain, acute anemia, etc., which can decompensate the pediatric patient and compromise life of the same. Therefore, this research work is done to learn more about the complications that affect sickle cell anemia in children aged 5-9 years, in addition to the importance that the community knows the warning signs that should be observed in a child when it is sick to attend immediately to the health service in case they appear for its rapid diagnosis and effective treatment.
Sickle cell anemia belongs to the most frequent group of hemoglobinopathies in which two mutant hemoglobin genes are inherited, one from each parent. It owes its name due to the sickle shape that erythrocytes acquire. There is a wide variety of symptoms and complications of the patient with sickle cell anemia, such as pain in lower limbs of high intensity, tachycardia, tachypnea, loss of sensorium, acute chest pain, acute anemia, etc., which can decompensate the pediatric patient and compromise life of the same. Therefore, this research work is done to learn more about the complications that affect sickle cell anemia in children aged 5-9 years, in addition to the importance that the community knows the warning signs that should be observed in a child when it is sick to attend immediately to the health service in case they appear for its rapid diagnosis and effective treatment.
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Anemia de células falciformes, Síndrome torácico agudo, Complicaciones, Pediatría, Dolor, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador