Complicaciones obstétricas en gestantes de 19 a 30 años de edad, con obesidad grado II y III atendidas en la Maternidad Matilde Hidalgo de Procel durante el período 2017-2018
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
Las complicaciones obstétricas son trastornos sufridos durante la etapa del embarazo, parto y
trabajo de parto, afectando a pacientes con obesidad, se ha evidenciado a través de la siguiente
investigación teniendo como objetivo principal diagnosticar las complicaciones obstétricas en
gestantes de 19 a 30 años con obesidad grado II y III, que fueron atendidas en la Maternidad
Matilde Hidalgo de Procel en el periodo comprendido 2017-2018. El estudio es de cohorte
retrospectiva o histórica, ya que nos permitió reconstruir la experiencia de la cohorte en el
tiempo de las complicaciones obstétricas en las gestantes, se seleccionaron 96 historias clínicas
que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de las cuales 57 cumplieron los criterios
de inclusión, con la ayuda del programa Microsoft Excel se tabularon datos estadísticos y se
calculó la frecuencia de las variables ya descritas en el trabajo de investigación.
Se pudo identificar que el mayor número de complicaciones obstétricas se presentan en el tercer
trimestre de gestación, identificando a la preeclampsia, hipertensión y a la distocia de
presentación como las complicaciones con mayor índice en pacientes con obesidad de grado
II y III.
En conclusión y base a este estudio se da a conocer la importancia de los controles prenatales,
alimentación saludable para mantener un índice de masa corporal adecuado en nuestra estatura
permitiéndonos un desarrollo normal del embarazo sin que este llegue a culminar con
complicaciones que pueden ser perjudiciales en la vida de la madre e hijo.
Obstetric complications are disorders suffered during the stage of pregnancy, delivery and labor, affecting patients with obesity, has been evidenced through the following research with the main objective of diagnosing obstetric complications in pregnant women from 19 to 30 years with obesity Grades II and III, which were attended at Matilde Hidalgo de Procel Maternity in the period 2017-2018. The study is a retrospective or historical cohort, since it allowed us to reconstruct the experience of the cohort in the time of obstetric complications in pregnant women. We selected 96 clinical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which 57 met the criteria of inclusion, with the help of the Microsoft Excel program statistical data were tabulated and the frequency of the variables already described in the research work was calculated. It was possible to identify that the highest number of obstetric complications occur in the third trimester of pregnancy, identifying preeclampsia, hypertension and dystocia of presentation as the complications with the highest rate in patients with grade II and III obesity. In conclusion and basis of this study, the importance of prenatal controls, healthy eating to maintain an adequate body mass index in our stature allowing a normal development of pregnancy without ending up with complications that can be harmful in the life of the mother and son.
Obstetric complications are disorders suffered during the stage of pregnancy, delivery and labor, affecting patients with obesity, has been evidenced through the following research with the main objective of diagnosing obstetric complications in pregnant women from 19 to 30 years with obesity Grades II and III, which were attended at Matilde Hidalgo de Procel Maternity in the period 2017-2018. The study is a retrospective or historical cohort, since it allowed us to reconstruct the experience of the cohort in the time of obstetric complications in pregnant women. We selected 96 clinical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which 57 met the criteria of inclusion, with the help of the Microsoft Excel program statistical data were tabulated and the frequency of the variables already described in the research work was calculated. It was possible to identify that the highest number of obstetric complications occur in the third trimester of pregnancy, identifying preeclampsia, hypertension and dystocia of presentation as the complications with the highest rate in patients with grade II and III obesity. In conclusion and basis of this study, the importance of prenatal controls, healthy eating to maintain an adequate body mass index in our stature allowing a normal development of pregnancy without ending up with complications that can be harmful in the life of the mother and son.
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COMPLICACIONES DEL EMBARAZO, MUJERES EMBARAZADAS, OBESIDAD, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL MATERNO INFANTIL DRA. MATILDE HIDALGO DE PROCEL, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR