Acretismo placentario en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Universitario
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
El acretismo placentario es la inserción anormal de parte o de toda la placenta, con ausencia total o parcial de la decidua basal y anormalidad de la decidua verdadera con penetración de las vellosidades coriales al miometrio, el acretismo placentario es una entidad que incrementa considerablemente la morbimortalidad materna y fetal. El objetivo general de esta investigación fue determinar la frecuencia de gestantes con diagnóstico de acretismo placentario atendidas en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil durante el periodo de septiembre del 2017 hasta febrero del 2018. La población de estudio lo constituyeron 36 pacientes de las cuales se obtuvo una muestra de 15 pacientes aplicando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue elaborado a través de matrices respectiva, encuestas y métodos de investigación. El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo, cuantitativo, prospectivo y de corte transversal. Dentro de los resultados el 73 % de las pacientes con diagnóstico de acretismo placentario fue de etnia mestiza con mayor predominio, de acuerdo a la paridad el 53 % de las pacientes son multíparas, el 40 % asistieron a 1-2 controle prenatales y el 27% entre 7- 8 controles prenatales. El método de diagnóstico más utilizado fue la ecografía en un 100 %, con respecto a los antecedentes ginecológicos el 73 % en su mayoría de las pacientes presentaron cirugías uterinas previas.
Placental accreta is the abnormal insertion of part or all of the placenta, with total or partial absence of the decidual basal and abnormality of the true decidua with penetration of the chorionic villi to the myometrium, the placental accreta is an entity that significantly increases morbidity and mortality maternal and fetal. The general objective of this research was to determine the frequency of pregnant women diagnosed with placental accreta treated at the University Hospital of Guayaquil during the period from September 2017 to February 2018. The study population consisted of 36 patients, from whom one was obtained. sample of 15 patients applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection instrument was developed through respective matrices, surveys and research methods. The type of research was descriptive, quantitative, prospective and crosssectional. Among the results, 73% of the patients with a diagnosis of placental accreta were of predominantly mixed race, according to the parity, 53% of the patients were multiparous, 40% attended 1-2 prenatal check-ups and the 27 % between 7-8 prenatal controls. The most used diagnostic method was 100% ultrasound, with respect to the gynecological background, 73% in the majority of the patients presented previous uterine surgeries.
Placental accreta is the abnormal insertion of part or all of the placenta, with total or partial absence of the decidual basal and abnormality of the true decidua with penetration of the chorionic villi to the myometrium, the placental accreta is an entity that significantly increases morbidity and mortality maternal and fetal. The general objective of this research was to determine the frequency of pregnant women diagnosed with placental accreta treated at the University Hospital of Guayaquil during the period from September 2017 to February 2018. The study population consisted of 36 patients, from whom one was obtained. sample of 15 patients applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection instrument was developed through respective matrices, surveys and research methods. The type of research was descriptive, quantitative, prospective and crosssectional. Among the results, 73% of the patients with a diagnosis of placental accreta were of predominantly mixed race, according to the parity, 53% of the patients were multiparous, 40% attended 1-2 prenatal check-ups and the 27 % between 7-8 prenatal controls. The most used diagnostic method was 100% ultrasound, with respect to the gynecological background, 73% in the majority of the patients presented previous uterine surgeries.
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Placenta accreta, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios prospectivos, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Hemorragia posparto