Enfermedad geriátrica complicada por estilo de vida en pacientes atendidos de enero a diciembre del 2016 en Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El presente trabajo en primer lugar tiene como objetivo determinar las principales complicaciones que se relacionan con el estilo de vida en los pacientes geriátricos con enfermedades crónicas-degenerativas en el área de geriatría del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo de enero a diciembre del 2016 con el fin de disminuir la mortalidad geriátrica.
En una segunda parte se establecen las enfermedades crónico- degenerativas más frecuentes que afecta a este grupo etario. Además se determina los estilos de vida significativos asociado a las complicaciones que presentan los adultos mayores. Finalmente se identifican los programas de promoción para la salud en el adulto mayor y su posible aplicación en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.
Es un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y de observación indirecta; en el cual se analizaron las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes geriátricos que acudieron a la consulta externa del servicio de geriatría, con diagnóstico de padecer alguna enfermedad crónico degenerativa y presentar alguna complicación relacionada con su estilo de vida, para esto se recabaron variables de importancia epidemiológica como la edad, sexo, alimentación, actividad física, actividad recreacional, horas de sueño, incapacidad funcional, muerte de la pareja y convivencia; una vez obtenida la información se realizó el análisis de los resultados mediante la elaboración de cuadros estadísticos, y gráficos, para lo cual se utilizó el programa Excel 2013.
En el período de enero a diciembre del 2.016 se atendieron 8.123 pacientes adultos mayores en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, de los cuales 134 pacientes acudieron a la consulta externa de geriatría diagnosticados con enfermedades crónicas – degenerativas y complicaciones asociadas al estilo de vida. La enfermedad geriátrica que con mayor frecuencia se presentó fue la hipertensión arterial con un porcentaje de 29% que correspondieron a 39 pacientes; la principal complicación por estilo de vida fue la anemia con un porcentaje de 61% que correspondía a 80 pacientes; y el mayor estilo de vida significativo asociado al mayor desarrollo de las complicaciones es la dieta desequilibrada y la falta de conocimiento de la importancia de la alimentación y la nutrición.
The present study aims to determine the main complications related to lifestyle in geriatric patients with chronic-degenerative diseases in the geriatric area of the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period from January to December of 2016 with In order to reduce geriatric mortality. A second part establishes the most frequent chronic-degenerative diseases that affects this age group. It also determines the significant lifestyles associated with the complications presented by older adults. Finally, we identify the health promotion programs for the elderly and their possible application at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. It is a retrospective, descriptive and indirect observation study; In which the clinical histories of all the geriatric patients who went to the outpatient clinic of the geriatrics service, with diagnosis of chronic degenerative disease and presenting some complication related to their lifestyle were analyzed, for this we collected variables of importance Such as age, sex, food, physical activity, recreational activity, hours of sleep, functional disability, death of the couple and coexistence; Once the information was obtained the analysis of the results was carried out by means of the elaboration of statistical tables, and graphs, for which the Excel 2013 program was used. In the period from January to December of the year 2,016, 8,123 elderly patients were treated at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, of which 134 patients attended the outpatient geriatrics clinic diagnosed with chronic - degenerative diseases and lifestyle - related complications. The geriatric disease that was most frequently presented was hypertension with a percentage of 29% that corresponded to 39 patients; The main complication for lifestyle was anemia with a percentage of 61% that corresponded to 80 patients; And the greatest significant lifestyle associated with further development of complications is the unbalanced diet and lack of awareness of the importance of food and nutrition.
The present study aims to determine the main complications related to lifestyle in geriatric patients with chronic-degenerative diseases in the geriatric area of the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the period from January to December of 2016 with In order to reduce geriatric mortality. A second part establishes the most frequent chronic-degenerative diseases that affects this age group. It also determines the significant lifestyles associated with the complications presented by older adults. Finally, we identify the health promotion programs for the elderly and their possible application at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. It is a retrospective, descriptive and indirect observation study; In which the clinical histories of all the geriatric patients who went to the outpatient clinic of the geriatrics service, with diagnosis of chronic degenerative disease and presenting some complication related to their lifestyle were analyzed, for this we collected variables of importance Such as age, sex, food, physical activity, recreational activity, hours of sleep, functional disability, death of the couple and coexistence; Once the information was obtained the analysis of the results was carried out by means of the elaboration of statistical tables, and graphs, for which the Excel 2013 program was used. In the period from January to December of the year 2,016, 8,123 elderly patients were treated at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, of which 134 patients attended the outpatient geriatrics clinic diagnosed with chronic - degenerative diseases and lifestyle - related complications. The geriatric disease that was most frequently presented was hypertension with a percentage of 29% that corresponded to 39 patients; The main complication for lifestyle was anemia with a percentage of 61% that corresponded to 80 patients; And the greatest significant lifestyle associated with further development of complications is the unbalanced diet and lack of awareness of the importance of food and nutrition.
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Enfermedades geriátricas, Estilo de vida, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Anciano, Enfermedad crónica degenerativa, Complicaciones, Envejecimiento