Dolor torácico en Emergencia del Hospital Luis Vernaza en el año 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
Contexto: El dolor torácico es uno de las causas más frecuentes de consulta en el servicio
de emergencia, esto ocasiona que se convierta en una gran preocupación para los
profesionales de salud no solo por la variedad de posibilidades que abarca sino por la
dificultad diagnóstica que representa. Con el fin de evitar errores en la evaluación clínica e
infravaloración diagnóstica de la enfermedad coronaria se procede a la realización de este
estudio. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia del síndrome de dolor torácico y enfermedad
coronaria aguda en pacientes que acudieron al servicio de emergencia del Hospital Luis
Vernaza presentando dolor torácico. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional,
descriptivo, retrospectivo, no experimental, de corte transversal de pacientes que acudieron
al servicio de emergencia por dolor torácico y fueron valorados clínicamente, con ECG de
ingreso y valores de enzimas cardiacas al ingreso. Resultados: Se recabaron 250
expedientes; se excluyeron 66 pacientes que no cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se
obtuvo una muestra de 184 pacientes en los que predomino el sexo femenino. Las causas
atribuibles al dolor torácico fueron de etiología cardiaco-isquémica y entre ellas la angina
estable fue la más frecuente. Conclusiones: El ECG de ingreso suele reportarse como
normal, sin embargo no se debe infravalorar el resultado ya que un 44.57% se encontraba sin
hallazgos; del mismo modo ocurre con los niveles de enzimas cardiacas en las que durante
las primeras horas se mantuvieron sin variación.
Context: Chest pain is one of the most frequent causes of consultation in the emergency service, this is a major concern for health professionals not only because of the variety of possibilities involved but also because of the diagnostic difficulty it represents. In order to avoid errors in clinical evaluation and underdiagnosis of coronary disease, this study is carried out. Objective: To determine the frequency of chest pain syndrome and acute coronary disease in patients who came to the emergency department of the Luis Vernaza Hospital with chest pain. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational, descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental study of patients who came to the emergency department for chest pain and were assessed clinically, with ECG for admission and cardiac enzyme values on admission. Results: 250 files were collected; we excluded 66 patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria. A sample of 184 patients in which the female sex predominated was obtained. The causes attributable to chest pain were of cardiac-ischemic etiology and among them stable angina was the most frequent. Conclusions: The ECG of admission is usually reported as normal, however, the result should not be underestimated and 44.57% were found without findings; in the same way it happens with the levels of cardiac enzymes in which during the first hours they remain without variation.
Context: Chest pain is one of the most frequent causes of consultation in the emergency service, this is a major concern for health professionals not only because of the variety of possibilities involved but also because of the diagnostic difficulty it represents. In order to avoid errors in clinical evaluation and underdiagnosis of coronary disease, this study is carried out. Objective: To determine the frequency of chest pain syndrome and acute coronary disease in patients who came to the emergency department of the Luis Vernaza Hospital with chest pain. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational, descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental study of patients who came to the emergency department for chest pain and were assessed clinically, with ECG for admission and cardiac enzyme values on admission. Results: 250 files were collected; we excluded 66 patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria. A sample of 184 patients in which the female sex predominated was obtained. The causes attributable to chest pain were of cardiac-ischemic etiology and among them stable angina was the most frequent. Conclusions: The ECG of admission is usually reported as normal, however, the result should not be underestimated and 44.57% were found without findings; in the same way it happens with the levels of cardiac enzymes in which during the first hours they remain without variation.
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Enfermedad coronaria, Urgencias médicas, Hospital Luis Vernaza, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Dolor torácico