Factores determinantes en las complicaciones crónicas de la diabetes mellitus tipo II estudio realizado en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil año 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La diabetes mellitus hoy en día es una de las principales enfermedades que aumentan la mortalidad de las personas en el Ecuador y el mundo entero; por su incremento en la población constituye un gran problema de salud pública, ubicándose como tercera causa de muerte en el país de un modo general hasta el 2005 y ascendió de un modo dramático a ser la primera causa de muerte en el 2007 según datos estadísticos del instituto nacional de estadísticas y censos (INEC).
En el Ecuador en el 2011, más del 6% del total de la población, lo que representa alrededor de 840.000 personas, padece de diabetes y se estima que miles de personas sufren un estado de pre diabetes sin saberlo. En el año 2000 se realizó un estudio transversal en servicios de la ciudad de Quito, acerca de los indicadores del control metabólico en pacientes diabéticos tipo II, el cual concluyó en que mientras los pacientes tenga un nivel cultural más alto, se mantenga bien informado y el personal que lo atienda tenga una guía de manejo en la cual basarse, se puede tener al paciente diabético con un buen estado nutricional y peso adecuado.
No solo es un tema de importancia por su impacto demográfico, sino por las complicaciones que tienen las personas que sufren esta enfermedad, las cuales deben ser manejadas de mejor manera por el personal médico; por lo cual en el 2004, aquí en el Ecuador, se crea la ley de “Prevención, protección y atención integral de las personas que padecen diabetes”, la cual se basa en el numeral 20, del artículo 23 de la Constitución Política de la República del 2004, misma que garantiza el derecho a la salud y a una buena calidad de vida de las personas; además que es deber del Estado, a través de sus organismos, velar por la prevención de las enfermedades, viabilizar su diagnóstico y procurar su tratamiento, como se detalla en el anexo 1 de esta investigación.
En la Constitución del 2008 se establece, en el titulo VII, capítulo primero, sección segunda, de una manera mas generalizada, la atención integral a todos los pacientes para alcanzar así el régimen de buen vivir, que garantiza el gobierno actual; dejando aún lado la especificidad del manejo y de la atención que deben tener los pacientes diabéticos.
Este estudio tiene como fin analizar si el esquema terapéutico que se sigue con el paciente diabético favorece o no el control de su peso y por ende el control de su enfermedad, además de sus complicaciones metabólicas y así como proponer una guía de manejo a la institución que se encargara de la atención de estos pacientes.
Diabetes mellitus today is one of the main diseases that increase the mortality of people in Ecuador and the whole world; Because of its increase in population, constitutes a major public health problem, ranking as the third leading cause of death in the country in general until 2005 and dramatically became the leading cause of death in 2007 according to statistics from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). In Ecuador in 2011, more than 6% of the total population, which represents about 840,000 people, is suffering from diabetes and it is estimated that thousands of people are unprepared for diabetes. In 2000, a cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of Quito on the indicators of metabolic control in type II diabetic patients, which concluded that as long as the patients have a higher cultural level, The personnel that attend it have a guide of management on which to base, can have the diabetic patient with a good nutritional status and adequate weight. Not only is it an issue of importance because of its demographic impact, but because of the complications that people with this disease have, which must be better handled by medical personnel; For which reason, in 2004, here in Ecuador, the law "Prevention, protection and integral care of people with diabetes" was created, which is based on numeral 20, article 23 of the Political Constitution of the Republic of 2004, which guarantees the right to health and a good quality of life for people; In addition, it is the duty of the State, through its agencies, to ensure the prevention of diseases, to enable its diagnosis and to seek treatment, as detailed in Annex 1 of this research. The Constitution of 2008 establishes, in title VII, first chapter, second section, in a more general way, comprehensive care to all patients in order to achieve the regime of good living, which guarantees the current government; Leaving aside the specificity of management and care that diabetic patients should have. This study aims to analyze if the therapeutic scheme that is followed with the diabetic patient favors or not the control of its weight and therefore the control of its disease, besides its metabolic complications and as well as to propose a management guide to the institution Who will take care of these patients.
Diabetes mellitus today is one of the main diseases that increase the mortality of people in Ecuador and the whole world; Because of its increase in population, constitutes a major public health problem, ranking as the third leading cause of death in the country in general until 2005 and dramatically became the leading cause of death in 2007 according to statistics from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). In Ecuador in 2011, more than 6% of the total population, which represents about 840,000 people, is suffering from diabetes and it is estimated that thousands of people are unprepared for diabetes. In 2000, a cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of Quito on the indicators of metabolic control in type II diabetic patients, which concluded that as long as the patients have a higher cultural level, The personnel that attend it have a guide of management on which to base, can have the diabetic patient with a good nutritional status and adequate weight. Not only is it an issue of importance because of its demographic impact, but because of the complications that people with this disease have, which must be better handled by medical personnel; For which reason, in 2004, here in Ecuador, the law "Prevention, protection and integral care of people with diabetes" was created, which is based on numeral 20, article 23 of the Political Constitution of the Republic of 2004, which guarantees the right to health and a good quality of life for people; In addition, it is the duty of the State, through its agencies, to ensure the prevention of diseases, to enable its diagnosis and to seek treatment, as detailed in Annex 1 of this research. The Constitution of 2008 establishes, in title VII, first chapter, second section, in a more general way, comprehensive care to all patients in order to achieve the regime of good living, which guarantees the current government; Leaving aside the specificity of management and care that diabetic patients should have. This study aims to analyze if the therapeutic scheme that is followed with the diabetic patient favors or not the control of its weight and therefore the control of its disease, besides its metabolic complications and as well as to propose a management guide to the institution Who will take care of these patients.
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DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, SINDROME METABOLICO, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, Complicaciones de la diabetes