Factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de asma bronquial estudio a realizarce en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil en el período 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El asma es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de las vías aéreas, caracterizada por crisis de tos, dificultad respiratoria y sibilancias, usualmente reversibles, pero a veces graves y ocasionalmente fatales. Es la enfermedad crónica con mayor prevalencia en la edad pediátrica, con elevada morbilidad. Se realizó un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal se revisaron aproximadamente 110 historias clínicas que correspondió al universo de estudio. El presente trabajo es una investigación para determinar los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de asma bronquial en menores de 5 años estudio a realizarse en el hospital universitario de Guayaquil en el periodo 2016. Alérgenos en un 66%, corresponde a 73 pacientes del estudio como factor de riesgo. El sexo masculino corresponde con un 56% de frecuencia, que padecen la enfermedad, el cual concuerda con lo descrito en la literatura médica. Grupos etarios predomino el grupo de edad entre 3 a 5 años de edad con 71%, en relación a la lactancia un 53% los niños recibieron una lactancia inicial a base de fórmula. Los síntomas más prevalentes asma bronquial en menores de 5 años es la sibilancia con un 63%, seguido de la tos con un 61% del estudio. Conclusión del estudio el cual el factor de riesgo más prevalente es alergenos mas lactancia inicial con leche formula atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil periodo 2016.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by coughing, shortness of breath and wheezing, usually reversible but sometimes severe and occasionally fatal. It is the chronic disease with the highest prevalence in the pediatric age, with high morbidity. A quantitative study, non-experimental design, was carried out. We analyzed approximately 110 clinical histories that corresponded to the study universe. The present study is an investigation to determine the risk factors associated with the development of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years of age, a study to be performed in the university hospital of Guayaquil in the period 2016. Allergens in 66% correspond to 73 patients in the study as risk factor. The male sex corresponds to a 56% frequency, which suffer from the disease, which agrees with what is described in the medical literature. Age groups predominated between the age group 3 to 5 years old with 71%; in relation to lactation 53% of the children received an initial lactation based on formula. The most prevalent symptoms of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years are wheezing with 63%, followed by cough with 61% of the study. Conclusion of the study that the most prevalent risk factor is allergens plus initial lactation with milk formulated at the University Hospital of Guayaquil in 2016
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by coughing, shortness of breath and wheezing, usually reversible but sometimes severe and occasionally fatal. It is the chronic disease with the highest prevalence in the pediatric age, with high morbidity. A quantitative study, non-experimental design, was carried out. We analyzed approximately 110 clinical histories that corresponded to the study universe. The present study is an investigation to determine the risk factors associated with the development of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years of age, a study to be performed in the university hospital of Guayaquil in the period 2016. Allergens in 66% correspond to 73 patients in the study as risk factor. The male sex corresponds to a 56% frequency, which suffer from the disease, which agrees with what is described in the medical literature. Age groups predominated between the age group 3 to 5 years old with 71%; in relation to lactation 53% of the children received an initial lactation based on formula. The most prevalent symptoms of bronchial asthma in children under 5 years are wheezing with 63%, followed by cough with 61% of the study. Conclusion of the study that the most prevalent risk factor is allergens plus initial lactation with milk formulated at the University Hospital of Guayaquil in 2016
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Asma, Factores de riesgo, Pediatría, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador